| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
|---|---|---|
| A | ||
| Abara | 肋 | Rib, as an actual skeletal structure, and not the associated kyūsho |
| Abunai | 危ない | Dangerous or precarious |
| Adaya | 徒矢 | Arrow that misses its mark |
| Agaru | 上がる | To rise up |
| Agatsu | 吾勝 | Victory over the self |
| Age | 揚げ | Rising |
| Age empi uchi | 揚猿臂打ち | Rising elbow strike; also tate empi uchi or age hiji uchi |
| Age uchi | 揚げ打ち | Uppercut |
| Age haisoku uchi | 揚背足受打ち | Rising instep strike |
| Age hiji uchi | 揚肘打ち | Rising elbow strike; also tate empi uchi or age empi uchi |
| Age kakato geri | 揚踵蹴 | Rising heel kick to the rear, a quick snapping kick, not a kekomi |
| Agena Shokuho (1870 - 1924) | Okinawan karateka (Shuri-te) and expert in kobudō; also Tairaguwa Gushikawa or Agena Ukikata | |
| Age uke | 揚げ受け | Rising block; also aji uke |
| Age uke gyaku ashi | 揚げ受け逆足 | Upper block (reverse foot); also gyaku age uke |
| Age tsuki | 揚げ突き | Rising punch |
| Ago | 顎 | Chin or jaw |
| Ago tsuki | 顎突き | Straight punch to the chin |
| Ago oshi | 顎 | Kin van tegenstander omhoogduwen om zijn evenwicht / balans te verstoren |
| Ago uchi / Seiken ago uchi | 顎打ち | (Trek)Stoot naar de kin |
| Agura | 胡座 | Informal cross-legged sitting; also agura wo kaku or, more formally, as anza 安座, cf. seiza |
| Agura wo kaku | 胡座をかく | Informal seating position |
| Aida | 間 | Distance, interval; also ma |
| Aiki | 合気 | "Meeting of the ki," impassive state of mind of the combatant |
| Aikibattō | 合気抜刀 | Sword drawing exercise, solo or paired |
| Aikidō | 合気道 | A shin or gendai budō; lit “way of the unification of the spirit” |
| Aiki in yo hō | 合気陰陽法 | "Harmony of mind based on Yin and Yang" |
| Aiki jō | 合気杖 | Stick or staff used in aikidō or the set of techniques using that staff |
| Aiki jujutsu | 合気柔術 | “Gentle art of the unification of the spirit” |
| Aikiken aikidō | 合気剣合気道 | Aikidō versus an opponent armed with a staff or sword |
| Aikuchi | 合い口 or 匕首 | Lit "fitting mouth"; tantō or very short samurai sword |
| Ai satsu | 挨拶 | Greetings and conversational etiquette, including congratulations, thanks and fellowship |
| Ai tsuki | 相突 | Mutual thrust |
| Ai uchi | 相打ち | Simultaneous strike; mutual kill |
| Akahachi Oyakei | Okinawan expert in bōjutsu, credited with the kata, Akahachi no gyakubō | |
| Akai or Aka | 赤い | Red |
| Aka (shiro) ippon | Rood (wit) scoort een ippon (vol punt) | |
| Aka (shiro) no kachi | Rood (wit) heeft gewonnen | |
| Aka obi | 赤帯 | Red belt, signifying high dan grade |
| Akamine Eisuke (1925-1999) | Okinawan expert of kobudō | |
| Akiresuken | アキレス腱 | Achilles tendon |
| Akogare | 憧れ | "Yearning," as for knowledge or exposure to the martial ways |
| Akō gishi | 赤穂義士 | The tale of the 47 ronin; lit. "loyal samurai of Akō" |
| Akō rōshi | 赤穂浪士 | The tale of the 47 ronin; lit. "the Akō wandering samurai" |
| Aku ga nuketa hito | 灰汁が抜けた人 | Someone who thinks of the welfare of others before that of her/himself. |
| Aku ga tsuyoi | 灰汁が強 | "Being strong in lye": someone who is so full of her/himself that s/he is difficult to be near |
| Amado | Lower neck (target) | |
| Amakuni Yasutsuna (c. 700) | 天國 安綱 | First Japanese swordsmith to use folding process |
| Anken | Throwing knife or star; also shuriken, byō, daken, fusatsuken, gekiken, onken, sanbukaken, shaken or tōken | |
| Anki | Hidden weapons of Okinawa | |
| Antei | 安定 | Balance and stability |
| Anza | 安座 | Informal cross-legged sitting; cf. seiza; also agura 胡座 |
| Anzen | 安全 | Safety |
| Anzen chitai | 安全地帯 | Comfort zone |
| Aoi | 青い | Blue or green |
| Aragaki no kon | Bō kata | |
| Ararebō | あられ棒 | Japanese weapon, hardwood club about 40 cm long with metal ends |
| Arhat Boxing | Monk Fist Boxing; also Lohan Boxing or Luohan Quan 羅漢拳 | |
| Arigatō | 有難う | Thank you |
| Arigatō gozaimasu | 有り难う御座います | Semiformal "thank you" |
| Arigatō gozaimashita | 有り難う御座いました | Formal "thank you" |
| Arukikata | 歩き方 | Methods of walking, the way one walks |
| Asade dake | 浅手丈? | "It's only a flesh wound" |
| Asagasumi | 朝霞 | Literally "morning mist"; body area under the chin, bottom of chin or chin itself; vital point |
| Asa geiko | 朝稽古 | Morning training or early morning training, especially in reference to summer training (training on the hottest day of the year) |
| Asahi | 旭 or 朝日 | Morning sun, sunrise |
| Asano Naganori (1667 - 1701) | 浅野長矩 | Daimyō whose suicide triggered the events told in the story of the 47 ronin |
| Ase | 汗 | Sweat |
| Ashi | 足 | Foot |
| Ashi | 脚 | Leg |
| Ashi ate | 足当 | Foot strike |
| Ashi barai | 足払い | Foot sweep |
| Ashi fumi | 足踏 | Foot stamp |
| Ashi fumikae | 足踏み替え | To change legs; lit "leg exchange" |
| Ashi gata | Positie der voeten | |
| Ashi gatana | 足刀 | Foot sword; also called sokuto |
| Ashihara Kaikan | 芦原会館 | Karate dō style founded 1980 by Ashihara Hideyuki (1944 - 1995) |
| Ashi kōtai | 足交代 | Literally, "feet alternation," command to switch sides during a drill |
| Ashikubi | 足首 | Ankle, literally "neck of the foot" |
| Ashikubi o mawasu undō | 足首を回す運動 | Foot and ankle circle, junbi undō (warm-up exercise) |
| Ashi no kō | 足の甲 | Instep |
| Ashi no ura | 足の裏 | Sole of the foot |
| Ashi o mae yoko ni nobasu undō | 足を前横に伸ばす運動 | Leg lift and turn, junbi undō (warm-up exercise) |
| Ashi sabaki | 足さばき | Footwork |
| Ashi saki o ageru undō | 足先を上げる運動 | Heel pivot, junbi undō (warm-up exercise) |
| Ashi waza | 足技 | Foot technique |
| Ashi yubi | 足指 | Toes |
| Ashi zoko | 足底 | Sole of the foot; also Teisoku |
| Asobi ja nai | 遊びじゃない | “Don’t fool around” |
| Asobi te | 遊び手 | Playing at martial arts; sport martial arts. |
| Atama | 頭 | Head |
| Atatameru | 温める | To warm oneself through physical exercise |
| Ate | 当て | Strike |
| Atemi | 当身 | Striking on the body, during kihon |
| Atemi no kokyū | 当身の呼吸 | The rhythm or feeling of striking |
| Atemi waza | Slagtechnieken naar het lichaam | |
| Atenai yoni | Waarschuwing zonder straf | |
| Ateru | 当てる | To strike, hit, touch |
| Ato | 後 | Back or behind; also kō |
| Ato ashi | 後足 | Back foot |
| Ato no kehanashi | 後の蹴離し | Snapping kick using the back of the foot |
| Ato uchi | 後打 | Delayed strike; feint |
| Ato uchi waza | 後打技 | Feinting techniques |
| Ato tsuki | 後突 | Delayed punch; breaking the anticipated rhythm of a punch |
| Au | 会う | To meet; as in to meet an opponent in contest |
| Awase | 合せ | Combined |
| Awase waza | 合せ技 | Combined techniques |
| Awase tsuki | 合せ突き | Flowing punch; U punch; also morote zuki; also, a straight punch delivered and withdrawn at high speed. |
| Awase morote tsuki | 合せ諸手突き | Double flowing punch |
| Awase uchi | 合せ打 | Combined strike |
| Awase uke | 合せ受け | Combined block |
| Awase age uke | 合せ揚受け | Combined upper block with both arms |
| Awase mawashi uke | 合せ回し受け | Combined roundhouse block as in karate kata Kanku Dai |
| Awase mawashi kake uke | 合せ回し掛受け | Combined roundhouse hooking block as in karate kata |
| Awasete ippon | 合せて一本 | Scoring ippon by combining two waza ari |
| Ayumi | 歩み | Step or pace |
| Ayumi ashi | 歩み足 | Normal, ordinary walking, where the legs move forward alternatively, cf. tsugiashi |
| Back to Top | ||
| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| B | ||
| Ba | 馬 | Horse |
| Baguazhang | 八卦掌 | "Eight trigram palm," one of the three best known styles of internal Chinese boxing; also pa kua chang |
| Baida | 白打 | Chinese name for atemi to vital points; lit "white strike"; Japanese: hakuda; Okinawan: beida |
| Bajutsu | 馬術 | Art of horsemanship |
| Baka | 馬鹿 | Stupid, silly, foolish, a fool, an idiot, an ass, a moron, a jerk |
| Baka o miru | 馬鹿を見る | "To make a fool of oneself" |
| Bakbakan | Lit "to fight or brawl," modern Filipino fighting system | |
| Bakufu | 幕府 | Samurai government under a shōgun |
| Banbutsu ryuten | 万物流転 | "All things are in a state of flux" |
| Bandōmusha | 関東武者 | Someone of civility, propriety or dignity; a samurai of the Kantō region |
| Bando yoga | Yoga practiced by ancient warriors of northern Burma | |
| Bankokuchōki | 蛮国蝶器 | Forged iron knuckleduster of the Nagao ryū; metal ring with spikes, Japanese weapon; also tekkan-su |
| Banzai | 万歳 | Congratulations, hurrah, long life, literally "ten thousand years" |
| Barai | 払い | Sweep (combination form) |
| -basami | 挟み | Scissors (combination form) |
| Bassai Dai | 披塞大 | Karate kata, "To penetrate a fortress, major" |
| Bassai Sho | 披塞小 | Karate kata, "To penetrate a fortress, minor" |
| Battō | 抜刀 | Sword drawing; drawn or naked blade |
| Battōjutsu | 抜刀術 | Art/science of drawing a sword |
| Beikoku | 米国 | America |
| Beikokujin | 米国人k | American |
| Benkyō | 勉強 | Study |
| Benzoku dachi | A leg-crossing transitional stance, one foot crossed diagonally in front of the other, prior to turning | |
| Betsuden | 別傳 | "Separate or special transmission"; secret teaching to the highest or most loyal students |
| Bi | 鼻 | Nose; also hana |
| Bluming, Jon (1933 - 2019) | Dutch jūdōka and Kyokushinkai karateka | |
| Bō | 棒 | A long staff; a staff of any length |
| Bōdō | 棒道 | The way of the staff, a gendai budō |
| Bōgyo | 防御 | Defense |
| Boin | 母印 | Thumbprint, often used on certificates as a means of authentication |
| Bōjutsu | 棒術 | Art of the staff |
| Bokken | 木剣 | Wooden sword; also bokutō 木刀 |
| Bokken kake | 木剣掛け | Lit "wooden sword hook"; a rack for holding bokken |
| Boku | 木 | Tree; wood; wooden |
| Bokuseki | 墨跡 | Form of Japanese calligraphy, shodō |
| Bokusen | 木扇 | Wooden fan; a wooden tenarashi, a weapon that looks like a closed folding fan; also tenarashigata bokusen |
| Bokutō | 木刀 | Wooden sword; also bokken 木剣 |
| Bō ryaku | 谋略 | Strategy |
| Bōryoku | 暴力 | Violence |
| Boshi | 拇指 | Thumb |
| Boshiken | 拇指拳 | Thumb tip strike |
| Boshi uchi | 拇指打ち | A thumb strike |
| Bō shuriken | 棒手裏剣 | Throwing spikes |
| Buai geiko randori | de hardste manier van vechten; niet op wedstrijdregels tot het uiterste gaan | |
| Budō | 武道 | Martial way |
| Budō dentō bunka | 武道伝統文化 | Traditional martial arts culture |
| Budoka | beoefenaar van een of meerdere Japanse krijgskunsten | |
| Budōkan | 武道館 | Budō hall; budō training hall |
| Budōkan | 武道館 | Shortened form of Nippon Budōkan, the large hall in Tōkyō |
| Budō seishin | 武道精神 | Martial spirit |
| Budōshi | 武道士 | Colloquially, a person who emulates the spirit of budō |
| Budōshoshinshū | 武道初心集 | "Elementary readings in the martial ways," a book by Daidōji Yūzan (1639 - 1730) |
| Budō Tetsugaku Giron | 武道哲学議論 | Martial ways philosophy discussion |
| Bugei | 武芸 | Martial craft or art |
| Bugei juhappan | 武芸十八般 | The 18 traditional martial arts |
| Bugeisha | 武芸者 | Exponent of the bugei |
| Bujin | 武人 | Military person; soldier |
| Bujutsu | 武術 | Martial art or martial craft; in Chinese, wushu |
| Bukatsu | 部活 | Sports or culture club |
| Buke temae | 武家点前 | A specific kind of tea ceremony reserved for bushi, whose techniques included the use of certain tea utensils for defense and attack |
| Buki | 武器 | A general term for "weapon" |
| Buki'gwa | Okinawan weapons or weapons fighting | |
| Buki ho | manier(en) wapens te hanteren | |
| Bukinashi | 武器無 | Unarmed |
| Buki no bu | 武器の武 | Armed attack |
| Buki rei | 武器礼 | Formal bow to one's weapon |
| Bukiwaza | 武器技 | Weapons techniques |
| Bukkyō | 仏教 | Buddhism |
| Bukyō | 武教 | Teachings of Bushidō |
| Bun | 文 | Academic learning |
| Bunbunbai | ぶんぶんばい | Classical Japanese flail weapon |
| Bungaku | 文学 | Literature |
| Bunka | 文化 | Culture, civilization |
| Bunkai | 分解 | Literarry "having been cut into many parts"; analysis of kata, including applications (ōyō) |
| Busai | 武歳 or 武才 | Martial intuition, martial mind, martial awareness, correct martial way |
| Bushi | 武士 | Aristocratic warrior, including the level of the samurai |
| Bushidō | 武士道 | The way of the warrior; the samurai code of conduct |
| Bushin | 武心 | Spiritual level of the martial ways; also take no kami |
| Bushi no ichi gon | 武士の言 | "The word of a samurai"; the guarantee of truth |
| Bushi no kagami | 武士の鑑 | A paragon of the warrior |
| Bushi no nasake | 武士の情け | "The gentleness of the warrior" |
| Bushi no te | 武士の手 | "The hand of the warrior" |
| Busho | 不精 | Lazy |
| Busō | 武装 | Armaments, literally, "martial dressing" |
| Butsukari | 打つ借り | Stopping the opponent's charge (in trainining) and swinging him/her down |
| Butsukari | ぶつかり | Training through repeated movements |
| Butsumetsu | 仏滅 | Floating rib |
| Butsutekishigen | 物的資源 | Lectures |
| Buyu | 武友 | Martial friends |
| Back to Top | ||
| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| C | ||
| Cha | 茶 | Tea; brown |
| Chadai | 茶代 | Mat fee paid when visiting a dōjō, normally paid to a senior student discretely before class begins |
| Chadō | 茶道 | The way of tea; the tea ceremony; also sadō or cha no yu |
| Chairo | 茶色 | Brown |
| Chajin | 茶人 | "Person of tea," someone accomplished in the way of the Japanese tea ceremony, Chadō |
| Chakuchi | 着地 | Landing after a jump; alight to ground |
| Chakuchi ashi | 着地足 | "Replacement foot"; stepping where one foot takes the place of another |
| Chakugan | 着眼 | To pay attention; point of visual focus |
| Chakuriki | 借力 | To reverse or return an opponent's strength or ki |
| Chakuriki no heihō | 借力の兵法 | The strategy of borrowing strength from another source, like one's opponent |
| Chakuza | 着座 | Act of kneeling and settling into seiza; command to sit in seiza |
| Cha no yu | 茶の湯 | Tea ceremony |
| Cha obi | 茶帯 | Brown belt |
| Chashitsu | 茶室 | "Tea room," hut for sadō, the Japanese tea ceremony |
| Chasen gami | Knot; knoopkapsel van de Samurai | |
| Chashitsutō | 茶室 刀 | "Tea room sword," short bokutō (wooden sword) carried in a chashitsu (tea room), where conventional weapons such as the katana were prohibited |
| Chaya | 茶屋 | Japanese teahouse (also chashitsu 茶室) or tea dealer; euphemism for Edo period brothel |
| Chen shi taijiquan | 陈氏太極拳 | Chen style tai chi chu'an |
| Chi | 地 | Earth (one of the Five Elements); ground; region |
| Chi | 血 | Blood |
| Chi | 気 | Chinese pronunciation of ki; also qi |
| Chiburi | 血振り | The action of removing blood from a blade in iaidō |
| Chichi | 乳 | Breast; also nyū |
| Chichigiribō | 乳切棒 | Lit "chest cut staff," classical Japanese weapon, a hardwood staff that reached from the ground to the chest, approximately the length of a jō, a kobuki or minor weapon in use from the Kamakura period (1192-1332) on; also chigirikibō |
| Chidori ashi | 千鳥足 | Crossover step, as in the karatedō kata Naihanchi, also kani ashi; stagger or reel as if drunk; "thousand feet" (type of tai sabaki); sliding the feet moving sideways |
| Chigai | 違い | Difference, discrepancy |
| Chigau | 違う | "It's different," "No" |
| Chigirikibō | 乳切木棒 | Classical Japanese weapon, a hardwood staff that reached from the ground to the chest, approximately the length of a jō, a kobuki or minor weapon in use from the Kamakura period (1192-1332) on; also chichigiribō |
| Chiisai | 小さい | Small or little |
| Chi ishi | 力石 | Hojo undō device, stone weight attached to a stick; also chikara ishi |
| Chikai | 近い | Near or close; to close with an opponent |
| Chikama | de afstand tijdens een gevecht waarbij direct raken mogelijk is zonder een (in)stap te moeten maken | |
| Chikara | 力 | Physical strength; power; capability; influence; also ryoku |
| Chikara irete | innerlijke kracht / spirit | |
| Chikara ishi | 力石 | Hojo undō device, stone weight attached to a stick; also chi ishi |
| Chikara no daishikata | de uitbreiding van de kracht | |
| Chikara o nuku | 力を抜く | Lit "more skill, less force"; let go of strength/tension; relax |
| Chikara o dasu | kracht vergroten | |
| Chika yoru | 近寄る | To shorten the distance to the opponent |
| Chikubi | 乳首 | Nipple (target) |
| Chi kung | 氣功 | Cultivation of qi, internal energy (Chinese) |
| Chikutō | 竹刀 | Bamboo practice sword; shinai |
| Chimugukuru | Okinawan term for the secrets of the martial arts | |
| Chinchaku | 沈着 | Composure, calmness |
| Chin kon | 鎮魂 | Calming the spirit |
| Chin kuchi | チンクチ | Focused, controlled energy or ki |
| Chinugui | 血拭い | Classical actions of removing blood from sword, as distinguished from the symbolic chiburi |
| Chio ken | 地王拳 | Methods of defense against a continuous attack commencing with a kick |
| Chisai | klein | |
| Chisa katana | 小さ刀 | Japanese sword that is shorter than a katana but longer than a wakizashi |
| Chisei | 知声 | Knowing voice, a kind of kiai |
| Chitai | 地帯 | Zone or area |
| Chitai no geriwaza | 帯の蹴り技 | Kicking zone |
| Chitai no uchiwaza | 帯の打技 | Striking zone |
| Chitai no katamawaza | 帯の固め技 | Grappling zone |
| Chitai no newaza | 帯の寝技 | Ground fighting zone |
| Chitai no buki waza | 帯の武器技 | Individual weapon zone |
| Chi wa mizu yori mo koshi | 血は水よりも濃し | Lit "blood is thicker than water" |
| Chō | 跳 | Jump |
| Chōbō | 長棒 | Long staff |
| Chōdo kake | Stand for a sword or arrows | |
| Chokkaku | haaks op elkaar | |
| Chokkan | 直観 | Lit "intuition"; to know the proper response without thinking |
| Choku | 直 | Direct or straight |
| Chokuritsu | 直立 | Natural stance, shizentai, musubi dachi |
| Chokusen | 直線 | Direct/straight line |
| Chokutō | 直刀 | Straight sword |
| Choku tsuki | 直突き | Direct thrust, straight punch, often performed in hachiji dachi; sometimes kara tsuki |
| Chonmage | 丁髷 | The topknot worn by bushi |
| Chōsen | 朝鮮 | Korea |
| Choshi | 調子 | Rhythm; tone; pitch; time; vein; mood; way; manner; style; condition; state of health |
| Choshi waza | 調子技 | Techniques that harmonize with attacker's momentum |
| Cho shin | flexibele geest | |
| Cho suko | flexibel lichaam | |
| Chototsu | Kyoshi mato (vital point target) between the eyes | |
| Chotto | 一寸 ちょっと | A little; just a bit; "Hey!" |
| Chōwa | 調子 | Accommodation; harmony |
| Chōwasuru | To harmonise with an opponent | |
| Chōyaku | 跳躍 | Jumping (type of tai sabaki) |
| Chōyaku hangeki | 跳躍反撃 | Counterattack which involves jumping |
| Chōyaku jutsu | 跳躍術 | Training in leaping and jumping |
| Chū | 忠 | Loyalty |
| Chū | 中 | Middle; also naka |
| Ch'uan fa | 拳法 | Chinese boxing; "way of the fist"; also Ken Fat (Cantonese) |
| Ch'uan shu | Fist art | |
| Chūdan | 中段 | Middle level |
| Chūdan age hiza geri | 中段揚膝蹴り | Middle level rising knee strike |
| Chūdan barai uke | 中段払い受け | Middle level sweeping block |
| Chūdan choku tsuki | 中段直突き | Middle level straight punch |
| Chūdan empi uke | 中段猿臂受け | Middle level elbow block |
| Chūdan gyaku tsuki | 中段逆突き | Middle level reverse punch |
| Chūdan mawashi hiza geri | 中段回し膝蹴り | Middle level roundhouse knee strike |
| Chūdan kagi tsuki | 中段鈎突き | Middle level hook punch |
| Chūdan keitō uke | 中段鶏頭受け | Middle level chicken head wrist block |
| Chūdan mawashi empi | 中段回し猿臂 | Middle level roundhouse elbow (strike) |
| Chūdan mae geri | 中段前蹴り | Middle level front kick |
| Chūdan morote tsuki | 中段諸手突き | Middle level two-handed punch |
| Chūdan no kamae | 中段の構え | Middle level stance or middle level guard; in kenjutsu, the tip of the sword is aimed at the throat |
| Chūdan oi tsuki | 中段追い突き | Middle level lunge punch; also jun tsuki |
| Chūdan ryōshō tsukami uke | 中段両掌掴み受 | Middle level both hands grasping block |
| Chūdan shuto uke | 中段手刀受け | Middle level knife hand block |
| Chūdan teisho furi uchi | 中段底掌振打ち | Middle level palm heel circular strike |
| Chūdan uchi | 中段打ち | Middle level strike |
| Chūdan uchi uke | 中段内受け | Middle level inside block |
| Chūdan ude uke | 中段内腕け | Middle level forearm block |
| Chūdan ura mikazuki geri | 中段裏三日月蹴り | Middle level reverse crescent moon kick |
| Chūdan ushiro empi | 中段後ろ猿臂 | Middle level back elbow (strike) |
| Chūdan ushiro geri | 中段後ろ蹴り | Middle level back kick |
| Chūdan yoko empi uchi | 中段横猿臂打ち | Middle level side elbow strike |
| Chūdan yoko geri kekomi | 中段横蹴り蹴込み | Middle level side thrust kick |
| Chūdan yoko tettsui uchi | 中段横鉄槌打ち | Middle level side hammefist strike, as in Pinan Sandan (karate-dō) |
| Chūdan yoko uchi | 中段横打ち | Middle level side strike |
| Chūdan tsuki | 中段突き | Middle level punch |
| Chūgi | 忠義 | Loyalty |
| Chūgoshi | 中腰 | Half-rising posture on one knee |
| Chui | waarschuwing (tijdens wedstrijd) | |
| Chūjitsu | 忠実 | Loyalty, fidelity |
| Chūjō ryū | 中条流 | Koryū kenjutsu, founded by Chūjō Nagahide c. 1400 |
| Chukitsu | Atemi point in the fold of the elbow | |
| Chūsei | 中世 | Period between late Heian and Momoyama |
| CHUSEN | de lijn die het lichaam vertikaal in 2-en deelt, van neus naar de navel | |
| Chūshin | 中心 | Center; core; center of movement and balance |
| Chūshin dori no heihō | 中心取りの兵法 | Strategy of taking the center |
| Chūshingura | 忠臣蔵 | Fictionalized story of the 47 ronin |
| CHUSHIN | centrum, kern of hart | |
| Chūshin ryoku | 中心力 | To develop power by keeping one's taesen (vertical center of gravity) upright. |
| Chūshinsen | 中心線 | The body centerline |
| Chusoku | 中足 | Ball of foot; sole of foot |
| Chuto | Kyūsho point between the eyes; also uto or miken | |
| Chu-wakizashi | 中脇差 | Short sword between 17.7" and 21.3" long |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| D | ||
| Dabira | 段平 | Japanese broadsword; big, wide sword; also danbira |
| Dachi | 立ち | Stance (combination form); on its own, pronounced Tachi |
| Dai | 大 | Major, great, large |
| Daichi | 台地 | Plateau |
| Daichō | 大腸 | Colon |
| Daidankin | 大臀筋 | Gluteus maximus |
| Daidōji Yūzan (1639 - 1730) | 大道寺友山 | Samurai and military strategist, author of Budōshoshinshu |
| Daidō ryū | Koryū kenjutsu, kyūba, sōjutsu and kajutsu, founded by Goto Tamauemon Tadayoshi (1644 - 1736) | |
| Daigaku | 大学 | University |
| Daigakusei | 大学生 | University student; undergraduate |
| Daijōbu desu | 大丈夫です | "Alright; I am alright," "It's alright" |
| Dai katana | 大刀 | Long sword; also daitō or taitō |
| Dai kinniku | 大筋肉 | Major muscles |
| Daikō | 代講 | Substitute or assistant teacher |
| Daikō | 乃公 | I (ego) (boastful first-person pronoun) |
| Dai kyō soku kei | 大強速軽 | "Big strong fast smooth" |
| Daikyū | 大弓 | Japanese longbow or war bow |
| Daimyō | 大名 | Feudal lord |
| Daimyō tobiguchi | 大名鳶口 | Lit "daimyō's kite's beak," fire ax or fire hook adapted for use as a weapon by samurai and daimyō |
| Dai Nippon Butokukai | 大日本武徳会 | Imperial Japan Martial Association |
| Dai Nippon Butokukai Budō Senmon Gakkō | 大日本武徳会 武道専門学校 | Imperial Japan Martial Association Specialized Budō School, founded in 1895 by the Japanese government to preserve traditional Japanese martial ways. Its headquarters is the Butokuden. |
| Dai Nippon Iaidō Renmei | 大日本居合道連盟 | Imperial Japan Iaidō Federation |
| Dairi | 代理 | Proxy, representative, agent, substitute, alternate |
| Daisaku | 代作 | Something made by a pupil in the name of his master, with permission and guidance |
| Dai sempai | 代先輩 | Highest ranking student under the sensei |
| Dai sensei | 大先生 | Great teacher; jūdan |
| Daishō | 大小 | Two swords of the samurai, the katana and the wakizashi; literally, "big and small" |
| Daishō no heihō | 大小の兵法 | "Large and small" strategy; to use the correct response, neither overkill nor underestimation |
| Daitai | 大腿 | Thigh, also momo 腿 |
| Daitō | 大刀 | Longsword, over 2 shaku. Also, katana tachi. |
| Daken | 打剣 | Throwing knife or star; also shuriken, anken, byō, fusatsuken, gekiken, onken, sanbukaken, shaken or tōken |
| Daken taijutsu | 打拳体術 | The art of striking with the body, atemi |
| Dakikubi | 抱き首 | Lit "embrace neck," near-decapitating cut by the kaishakunin, the second to someone performing seppuku |
| Dame | 駄目 | Wrong, no good, impossible, must not do |
| Damatte keiko | 黙って稽古 | “Zen instructions for setting aside extraneous concerns and entering completely into practice”—or, “Shut up and train” |
| Damawashii | fighting spirit | |
| Dan | 段 | Black belt grade |
| Danchu | Kyūsho point at top of sternum | |
| Dan-i | 段位 | Japanese rank system of dan and kyū |
| Danpatsu shiki | 断髪式 | Ceremony of cutting off the topknot of a retiring sumōtori |
| Danryoku | 弾力 | Resilience, elasticity, flexibility |
| Dan shinsa | 段審査 | Black belt examination |
| Danyaku | 弾薬 | Ammunition |
| Daruma | 達磨 | Legendary Indian monk who brought Zen and the foundations of kung fu to Shaolin; also Bodhidharma or Tamo |
| Dattō | 出刀 | Remove sword from obi, cf. osame to |
| De | 出 | Advanced or forward; advancing |
| Deai | 出合い | Encounter; sensing an impending attack and launching a preemptive one; utilizing an opening created an intention to attack |
| Deai osae | 出会い押え | Suppressive and smothering attack |
| Deai osae uke | 出会い押え受け | Stepping in pressing block |
| Deashi barai | 出足払 | Advanced foot sweep |
| De geiko | 出稽古 | Advanced training |
| Dehana waza | 出端技 | To strike as the beginning of an opponent's movement; attack using initial move of opponent; also debana waza |
| Den | 傳 | Transmission (of knowledge), as in okuden |
| Denbu | 臀部 | Buttocks; haunches |
| Denko | Kyūsho, between seventh and eighth ribs | |
| Densho | 伝書 | Technique scroll; recorded teachings |
| Dento | Kyūsho, bregma of the skull | |
| Dento | 伝統 | Tradition |
| Dentōteki | 伝統的 | Traditional; conventional |
| Deshi | 弟子 | Student, apprentice or disciple of a dō; a student of a school is a seito or gakusei |
| Deshite | 出し手 | "Presenting the fists"; punching |
| Do | 土 | Earth, soil; Earth as one of the Five Elements is 地 chi or tsuchi |
| Dō | 道 | The way; road (also michi) |
| Dō | 動 | Movement, activity |
| Dōchū no sei | 動中の静 | Stillness in motion; calm in the midst (chu) of action, the ideal state for combat; also dō chū sei |
| Dōchū kōgai | Small wooden stick up to 15 cm long containing a knife or spike | |
| Dōchūzashi | 道中差 | Japanese short sword; "dōchū" literally means "while on the street" or "while on a journey," so the dōchūzashi was as short sword inserted into the sash while travelling |
| Dōgi | 道着 or 道衣 | Uniform of the way |
| Dōgu | 道具 | The armor used in kendō also bōgu |
| Dōhai | 同輩 | Equal; peer; someone equal in rank; contemporary |
| Dohyō | 土俵 | Ring for a sumō match |
| Dō itashimashite | どういたしまして | You're welcome |
| Dōjō | 道場 | Place of the way |
| Dōjō arashi | 道場嵐 | "Dōjō storming": visiting dōjō to make challenges to fight; also dōjō yaburi |
| Dōjō cho | 道場長 | Director of a dōjō |
| Dōjō kun | 道場訓 | Rules of the dōjō |
| Dōjō yaburi | 道場破リ | Storming another dōjō; lit "dōjō busting"; also dōjō arashi |
| Dōka | 道歌 | Poetry of the way |
| Dōkan | 道環 | "The ring of the way"; repetition, constant practice |
| Dokko | Atemi point in the hollow below the ears and behind the jaw; the mastoid process | |
| Dokosen | Kyūsho, side of neck; also shofu | |
| Dokusan | 獨參 | Private meeting between a Zen master and disciple |
| Dokushu | zelftraining; training door zelfstudie | |
| Dō kyaku | 動脚 | Moving leg |
| Dōkyō | 道教 | Japanese Taoism, lit "teachings of the way" |
| Dokyu | Japanese repeating crossbow | |
| Dōmo | どうも | Many; much; informal phrase for "thank you" |
| Dōmo arigato gozaimashita | どうも有り難う ございました | Polite form of thanks, "Thank you very much" |
| Donto hō | 呑吐息 | Breathing technique |
| Dori | 取り | Grapple; grab; grasp; pull |
| Doryoku | 努力 | Effort |
| Dōsa | 動作 | Exercise; exercise; movements |
| Dōshu | 道守 | Keeper of the way, also michi mori |
| Dōshu | 道主 | Leader or master of the way |
| Dōtoku | 道徳 | Morality |
| Dōzo | どうぞ | Kindly; please; please go ahead |
| Draeger, Donn (1922 - 1982) | American widely regarded as the foremost Western expert of Japanese fighting methods | |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| E | ||
| Ebigeri | 海老蹴り | Back kick with both hands on the floor or ground |
| Ebi jime | 蝦絞め | Shrimp choke; also tsukkomi jime |
| Edo | 江戸 | Ancient name for Tōkyō |
| Edo jidai | 江戸時代 | Edo period, the time of the Tokugawa shogunate, 1600-1867 |
| Edo period | 江戸時代 | The time of the Tokugawa shogunate, 1600-1867 |
| Eiki kujiki | 鋭気挫き | To break the opponent's spirit |
| Eishin ryū | 英信流 | Battōjutsu ryū founded c 1590 by Hayashizaki Jinsuke Minamoto no Shigenobu (1546 - 1621); also Musō Jikiden Eishin-ryū |
| Ekika | 腋窩 | Armpit |
| Ekudi | 櫂 | Oar or paddle, Kobudō weapon; also ueku, kai, kai bo, eku |
| Embu | 演武 | Martial arts demonstration; also enbu |
| Embujō | 演武場 | Place where martial arts demonstrations are held |
| Embusen | 演武線 | Line of kata |
| Empi or enpi | 猿臂 | Elbow, lit "monkey elbow"; note, outside of karate, 肘 hiji is the general term for elbow |
| Empi ate | 猿臂当て | Elbow strike |
| Empi mae ate | 猿臂前当て | Forward elbow strike |
| Empi mawashi ate | 猿臂回わし当て | Roundhouse elbow strike |
| Empi shita ate | 猿臂下当て | Downward elbow strike |
| Empi soto ate | 猿臂外当て | Sideways elbow strike; also soto empi ate |
| Empi uchi | 猿臂打ち | Elbow strike |
| Empi uke | 猿臂受 | Elbow block |
| Empi waza | 猿臂技 | Elbow technique |
| En | 円 | Circle |
| Enbu | 演武 | Martial arts demonstration; also embu |
| Enoji dachi | えの字立 | Stance with back foot on the ball? |
| Enshin | 遠心 | Centrifugal |
| Enshin ryoku | 遠心力 | Centrifugal force generated by a technique |
| Enshū | 演習 | Drill or exercise |
| Ensō | 円相 | Painted ink circle of Zen; also ichi ensō |
| Ensho-sen | verlenging (van een wedstrijd) | |
| En undō | 円運動 | Circular movement |
| Enzan no metsuke | 遠山の目付け | Lit "Looking at the far mountain"; looking at your opponent to take in everything |
| Etsunen geiko | 越年稽古 | Traditional training to celebrate the New Year |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| F | ||
| Forty-seven ronin | 四十七士 | National legend of Japan, also known as the Akō rōshi (Akō Wandering Samurai) 赤穂浪士 or the Genroku akō jiken (Genroku Akō Incident) 元禄赤穂事件. Fictionalized as Chūshingura. |
| Fū | 風 | Wind; also kaze |
| Fude | 筆 | Calligraphy brush; also hitsu |
| Fudō dachi | 不動立 | Immovable or rooted stance |
| Fudōken | 不動拳 | Clenched fist; immovable fist |
| Fudō Myō-ō | 不動明王 or 不動妙王 | Buddhist divinity of wisdom and fire; also Fudō |
| Fudō shisei | 不動姿勢 | Position with feet together |
| Fujian | Chinese province where Karatedo has its roots, particulary in the area of the town Fuzhou | |
| Fuju bun | onvoldoende kracht | |
| Fukai | To hold strongly | |
| Fukkin | 腹筋 | Abdominal muscles |
| Fukkin undō | 腹筋運動 | Abdominal exercises |
| Fukko | 伏虎 | Kneeling |
| Fuku | 腹 | Abdomen or belly; also hara |
| Fukubu | 腹部 | Abdomen |
| Fukuru shinai | 袋竹刀 | Training sword made of a split bamboo stick inside a leather or doeskin bag, lit "bag shinai" |
| Fuku shidoin | 副指導員 | Assistant instructor |
| Fukushiki kokyū | 腹式呼吸 | Abdominal breathing |
| Fukushin | hulp scheidsrechter | |
| Fukuto | Atemi point on the lower part of the leg | |
| Fumi | 踏み | Step |
| Fumiashi | 踏み足 | Step with change of feet |
| Fumi dashi | An action involving one foot sliding forward | |
| Fumi kiri | 踏み切り | Cutting kick |
| Fumi komi | 踏み込み | Stamp on the floor at the moment of a strike. |
| Fumi komi age uke | 踏み込み肋受け | Rising block stepping in |
| Fumi komi shuto uke | 踏み込み手刀受け | Knife hand block stepping in |
| Fumi komi geri | 踏み込み蹴り | Stamping kick |
| Fumi komu | 踏み込も | To invade or step inside the opponent's space |
| Fumi konde | 踏み込んで | With a step forward |
| Fumi uchi | 踏み打ち | Techniques executed while you step forward |
| Fumu | 踏む | To step or tread |
| Funakoshi, Gichin (1868-1957) | 船越 義珍 | Founder of Shōtōkan karate (grondlegger van het Shotokan Karate en eerste Karate leraar van Mas Oyama) |
| Funkotsu saishin | 粉骨砕身 | To put in all your energy |
| Funpon shugi | 粉本主義 | The principle that copying a model was the fundamental way to learn, especially in calligraphy or painting. |
| Funsen | 奮戦 | Battle bravely; hard fighting |
| Furi | 振 | To swing |
| Fushi | 節 | Knuckle or joint |
| Fuson | 不遜 | Disrespect, arrogance, insolence |
| Futa kokyu ippuku | Breathe in and out twice, then breathe in once and start waza | |
| Futari geiko | 二人稽古 | Two person drill |
| Futari waza | technieken tegen 2 personen | |
| Futomomo | 太腿 | Quadriceps, thigh; also momo, daitai |
| Futsu geiko | Form of practice in which practitioners of all levels alternate repeating techniques shown by the sensei | |
| Fuzhou | Capitol of the Chinese nprovince Fujian. The Town where both Higaonna Kanryo and Miyagi Chojun studied Chinese martial arts. | |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| G | ||
| Gaijin | 外人 | Foreigner |
| Gai shaku taku | 外尺沢 | Back of the wrist |
| Gaiwan | 外腕 | Forearm; outer arm |
| Gakuga | 楽画 | Talents which can be taught or those produced by diligent training |
| Gaman | 我慢 | Patience, endurance, perseverance, tolerance, self-control, self-denial |
| Gambatte | 頑張って | "Hold out"; "persevere"; "do your best"; "good luck"; also ganbatte |
| Gan | 眼 | Eye or eyeball |
| Gan | 顔 | Face, look or countenance |
| Ganchu | Atemi point between the fifth and sixth rib | |
| Ganka | 眼窩 | Eye socket |
| Gankaku dachi | Kraanvogel stand | |
| Gankō | 眼孔 | Eye socket |
| Gankyū | 眼球 | Eyeball |
| Ganmen | 顔面 | Face |
| Ganmen geri | 顔面蹴り | Kick to the face |
| Ganmen shutō | 顔面小刀 | Face knife hand |
| Ganshiki | 眼識 | Insight, discernment, penetration |
| Gan soku tan riki | 眼足胆力 | Four key elements of kendō: sight, footwork, courage and power |
| Gasshuku | 合宿 | Training camp |
| Gasshō no kamae | 合掌の構え | Prayer posture, with palms held together |
| Gasshō rei | 合掌礼 | Formal bow with hands held together |
| Gatame | 固め | Locking or holding (combination form) |
| Gawa | 側 | Side (combination form) |
| Gedan | 下段 | Lower |
| Gedan awase teishō uke | 下段合せ底掌受 | Lower combined palm heel block |
| Gedan barai | 下段払い | Lower sweep; lower block |
| Gedan choku tsuki | 下段直突き | Lower straight punch; straight punch to the groin |
| Gedan haiwan uke | 下段背腕受 | Lower back arm block |
| Gedan jūji uke | 下段十字受 | Lower cross block |
| Gedan kake uke | 下段掛受け | Downward hooking block |
| Gedan kekomi | 下段蹴込み | Thrust kick to groin |
| Gedan kote uke | 下段小手受 | Lower forearm block |
| Gedan ni oshidasu | 下段に押出す | Downward thrust |
| Gedan no kamae | 下段之構 | Low posture |
| Gedan oshidashi | 下段押し出し | Lower level thrust |
| Gedan shutō osae | 下段手刀腕受け | Lower level knife hand press |
| Gedan tsuki | 下段突き | Lower level punch, especially to the groin |
| Geidō | 芸道 or 藝道 | The way of art |
| Geiko hajime | begin van de training / les | |
| Geijutsu | 芸術 | Art |
| Geijutsuka | 芸術家 | Artist |
| Geki | 撃 | Beat, attack, conquer; fire, shoot, charge, rush |
| Gekiken kōgyō | 撃剣興行 | Public demonstrations of martial arts |
| Gekisai | 撃砕 | Kata series |
| Gekon | Atemi point just below the lower lip | |
| Gendai budō | 現代武道 | Modern martial way |
| Genki desu ka | 元気ですか | "How are you?" |
| Genkotsu | 拳骨 | Fist |
| Genkotsu | Attacking vital points | |
| Genri | 原理 | Principle, theory or fundamental truth |
| Genshi | To be in tune with the attack, so that the next move can be predicted | |
| Geri | 蹴り | Kick, when used in combination with others, e.g. maegeri 前蹴 |
| Geri waza | traptechniek | |
| Gi | 技 | Technique, skill, craft |
| Gi | 義 | Right conduct or righteousness |
| Gimu | 義務 | Duty; responsibility |
| Gin geri | trap met wreef van de voet naar het kruis | |
| Giri | 義理 | Duty or obligation |
| Go | 五 | Five |
| Go | 後 | The condition of being behind the opponent with respect to time and space |
| Godai | 五大 | Lit 'big five"; Indian five elements: earth, water, fire, wind and void |
| Go dō shin | 五道心 | Five ways of the spirit |
| Gogyō setsu | 五行说 | Theory of the five elements; also Gogyō |
| Gohon kumite | 五本組手 | Five step sparring |
| Gokaku geiko | 互角稽古 | Practice between people of equal skill |
| Gōki | 剛気 | Fortitude, bravery, stoutheartedness |
| Gokoku | Resuscitation point between the thumb and index finger | |
| Gomen nasai | 御免なさい | "Pardon me" or "Excuse me" |
| Go no sen | tactiek waarbij je eerst de tegenstander laat aanvallen en waarna je direct een tegenaanval maakt | |
| Gorei | 号令 | Command; count for repeated techniques |
| Goshaku bō | 五尺棒 | Five-foot bō |
| Gōshi | 郷士 | Farmer warriors; warriors who held and worked the land |
| Goshin | 護身 | Self defense |
| Goshin jutsu | 護身術 | Art of self defense |
| Gu | 具 | Tool |
| Guai shoko | Atemi point on the back of the fist | |
| Gyaku | 逆 | Reverse; opposite |
| Gyaku age uke | 逆肋受け | Reverse rising block (rising block executed with arm opposite to forward leg) |
| Gyaku ashi | 逆足 | Reverse foot |
| Gyaku hanmi | 逆半身 | Reverse half-facing position |
| Gyaku jūjijime | 逆十字締め | Reverse cross choke |
| Gyaku mawashi geri | 逆回し蹴り | Reverse roundhouse kick |
| Gyaku nekoashi dachi | 逆猫足立 | Reverse cat stance (rear heel is up and front heel in down) |
| Gyaku te | 逆手 | Underhand, backhand or reverse grip; unexpected twist |
| Gyaku te dori | 逆手取り | Reverse hand grab |
| Gyaku tsuki | 逆突き | Reverse punch |
| Gyōji | 行司 | Sumō referee |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| H | ||
| Habiki | 刃引 | Bated sword; metal-bladed sword, sharp or bated |
| Hachi | 八 | Eight; eight is a special number in Japanese martial arts, with connotations of infinity |
| Hachiji dachi | 八字立 | Stance with feet set like the kanji for eight, 八; also shizentai, "natural stance" |
| Hachimaki | 鉢巻 | Japanese head wrap or head scarf worn as a symbol of perseverance or effort |
| Hachiman | Japanse oorlogsgod, deze afbeelding staat in de vlag van Okinawa | |
| Hacho | 破調? | Asymmetrical balance; intentional unevenness; broken rhythm |
| Hada | 肌 | Skin |
| Hadashi | 肌足 | Barefoot |
| Hade | 羽手 | Attacking vital points unarmed, another name for jūjutsu |
| Hai | はい | Yes |
| Haibu | 背部 | Back, back area, back rib area (a primary target in sport karate) |
| Haibu yori | 背部より | From behind |
| Haishu | 背手 | Back hand |
| Haishu awase uke | 背手合せ受 | Backhand combined block |
| Haishu jūji uke | 背手十字受 | Backhand cross block; also jūji uke |
| Haishu uchi | 背手打ち | Strike with back of hand |
| Haishu uke | 背手受け | Block with back of hand |
| Haisoku | 背足 | Instep, literally, "reverse foot" |
| Haitō | 背刀 | “Back sword”; ridge hand or inner knife hand |
| Haitōrei | 廃刀令 | Meiji government edict banning the wearing of swords in public |
| Haitō uchi | 背刀打ち | Ridge hand strike |
| Haitō uke | 背刀受け | Ridge hand block |
| Haiwan | 背腕 | Back arm |
| Haiwan uke | 背腕受け | Back arm block |
| Hajime | 始め | Begin |
| Hajime kara | 初めから | From the beginning |
| Hakama | 袴 | Divided skirt |
| Hakkaku bō | 八角棒 | Octagonal bō |
| Hakkeyoi | はっけよい | “Keep at it”; "Get moving!", called out by the gyōji (referee) to commence a sumō match |
| Hakude | 白手 | Another name for jūjutsu |
| Hamni | afgewende houding | |
| Hamni dachi | gevechtsstand met afgewende houding | |
| Hamon | 破門 | Formal expulsion from a ryū |
| Han | 半 | Half |
| Hana | 花 | Flower; also ka |
| Hana | 鼻 | Nose; also bi |
| Hana ji tome | 鼻血止 | Nosebleed stop; method of kappō |
| Hanare | 離れ | The release of an arrow in kyūdō; the metaphor of release in its own or proper time |
| Hanbō | 三棒 | Short staff, usually about three shaku |
| Hangeki | 反撃 | Counterattack |
| Hanka fuza | 半跏趺坐 | Half-lotus sitting position; also hanka 半跏, hankaza 半跏坐, hanfuza 半趺坐, daibosatsuza 大菩薩坐, and bosatsuza 菩薩坐 |
| Han kōkutsu dachi | 半後屈立 | "Half back stance," shortened and raised kōkutsu dachi |
| Hanmi | 半身 | Half-facing: hips and head facing to the front, but the torso slightly rotated |
| Hanmi no nekoashi dachi | 半身の猫足立 | Half-facing cat stance |
| Hansei | 反省 | Self-reflection |
| Hansha undō or Hansha sayō | 反射運動 or 反射作用 | Reflex action |
| Hanshaku bō | 半尺棒 | Six-inch stick; also te no uchi, yawara, shoshinbō and kobuton |
| Hanshi | 範士 | Teaching distinction above both renshi and kyōshi; also, shihan 師範 |
| Hansoku | straf voor gemene/oneerlijke overtreding | |
| Hansoku chui | officiïele waarschuwing, Ippon (vol punt) tegen | |
| Hansoku kachi | winst /overwinning door diskwalificatie van de tegenstander | |
| Hantai | 反対 | Opposed |
| Hanten | 半転 | Half turn |
| Hantei / Hantei torimasu | vraag door scheidsrechter om het oordeel van de hoekscheidsrechters | |
| Hantei kachi | winnaar door de beslissing van de scheidsrechters | |
| Hantei onegaishimasu | vraag om beslissing (vraag om rode of witte vlag omhoog te steken) | |
| Han zenkutsudachi | 半前屈立 | Short front stance; also sho zenkutsu dachi, sometimes moto dachi |
| Hara | 腹 | Stomach |
| Hara ga suwaru | 腹が据わる | "To have guts"; lit "the stomach sits" |
| Haragei | 腹芸 | Stomach arts developing ki |
| Harai | 払い | Sweep; also barai e.g. gedan barai |
| Harai no gi | 祓の儀 | Opening purification ceremony; also ō harai no gi 大祓の儀 |
| Harai te | 払い手 | Sweeping hand |
| Harai waza | 払い技 | Sweeping techniques |
| Hara kiri | 腹切り | Honorable death of suicide; also, more formally, seppuku 切腹 |
| Harawata | 腸 | Intestines |
| Hashaku bō | 八尺棒 | Eight-foot bō |
| Hasso | aanval | |
| Hatsu geiko | 初稽古 | First training of the year; also keiko hajime 稽古始め |
| Hattori Hanzō (1541 - 1596) | 服部半蔵 | Ninja and head of clan from Iga |
| Hayai | 速い | Fast or swift |
| Hayaku | 速く | Quickly or rapidly |
| Hazumi | 弾み | Momentum, spur of the moment |
| Hei | 平 | Peaceful, calm, steady; level, even |
| Heifuku kumiuchi | 平服組打 | Fighting in everyday clothing |
| Heihō | 兵法 | Methods of strategy; also hyōhō |
| Heijōshin | 平常心 | Lit "constant stable spirit"; peace of mind |
| Heikōshite | 並行して | Parallel |
| Heikō dachi | 並行立ち | Parallel stance |
| Heiko tsuki | parallel stoot, dubbele stoot met 2 vuisten gelijktijdig | |
| Heisei | 平成 | Current era name in Japan (1989 - ) |
| Heisoku dachi | 閉足立 | Feet together stance |
| Henka waza | 変化技 | Technique variations |
| Hente | opvolgtechniek met dezelfde hand | |
| Hibara | zijkant van het lichaam | |
| Hichōjutsu | 飛鳥術 | Practice of leaping and jumping |
| Hidari | 左 | Left; also sa |
| Hidari do | linkerkant van het lichaam | |
| Hidari mawari | 右回り | Counterclockwise |
| Hidari shizentai | 左自然体 | Left natural stance. Left foot forward, body facing 45 degrees. |
| Hidari waki | 左脇 | Left side posture |
| Hifu | 皮膚 | Skin |
| Higashi | 東 | East |
| Higi | 秘技 | Secret technique, ritual or ceremony |
| Hiji | 肘 | Elbow |
| Hiji age ate | 肘揚当て | Rising elbow strike; strike to both elbows of an attacker attempting a two-handed choke |
| Hiji ate | 肘当て | Elbow strike |
| Hiji oroshi uchi | 肘下ろし打 | Swinging elbow strike |
| Hiji uke | 肘受 | Elbow block (also empi uke) |
| Hiji waza | 肘技 | Elbow techniques |
| Hiki-Ashi | 引き足 | Retracting leg, pulling your front leg back so that it is level with what was the rear leg (i.e. to avoid a sweep). |
| Hikitate geiko | 引立-稽古 | Practice in which a senior guides a junior through practice |
| Hikite | 引き手 | Pulling hand, the hand that returns to the waist when striking or blocking with the other |
| Hikiwake | gelijktijdige score tijdens wedstrijd | |
| Hini | 品位 | Grace, dignity, nobility, quality |
| Hinkaku | 品格 | Dignity, good manners and strength of character |
| Hinomaru | 日の丸 | Disc of the sun; symbol of Japan; also the rising sun flag of Japan |
| Hinshitsu | 品質 | Quality |
| Hiragana | 平仮名 | One system of kana, Japanese syllabary |
| Hiraken | 平拳 | Flat fist made with the second knuckles of all four fingers, similar to the leopard punch of kung fu |
| Hiraken tsuki | 平拳突き | Flat fist punch |
| Hiraki | 開き | Opening, gap |
| Hiroi hachiji dachi | 広い八字立 | Wide hachiji dachi |
| Hitai | 額 | Forehead; also gaku |
| Hito | mens (uitgesproken als sst-ooh) | |
| Hito iki | 一息 | Single breath. The interval between two breaths is a vulnerable moment, and it gives the opponent an opportunity to attack. Therefore, it is important to perform waza in a single breath. |
| Hito kokyu ippuku | Breathe in and out once, then breathe in once, then start waza | |
| Hitori geiko | 独り稽古 | Practice alone |
| Hitori ryōhō | 独り療法 | Self-healing arts or massage |
| Hitosashiyubi ipponken | 人差し指一本拳 | Forefinger fist; also ippon ken |
| Hitsu | 筆 | Brush, handwriting |
| Hitsuzendō | 筆禅道 | "Way of the brush"; school of Japanese Zen calligraphy |
| Hiza | 膝 | Knee |
| Hiza ate | 膝当 | Knee strike |
| HIZA GAMAE | positie, geknield op 1 knie | |
| Hiza gashira or Hiza no sara | 膝頭 or 膝の皿 | Patella |
| Hiza gashira ate | 膝頭当 | Knee strikes |
| Hiza geri | 膝蹴り | Knee kick, knee strike |
| Hiza kansetsu | 膝関節 | Knee joint |
| Hiza mawashigeri | 膝回し蹴り | Roundhouse knee strike |
| Hiza o mawasu undō | 膝を回す運動 | Knee circle, a junbi undō ( warm-up exercise) |
| Hizō | 脾臓 | Spleen |
| Hizō uchi | 脾臓打 | Spleen strike |
| Hō | 法 | Method |
| Hō | 方 | Direction; side |
| Hodokosu | 施す | Perform; giving of ourselves |
| Hōgen | 方言 | General Japanese term for "dialect," but also the term Okinawans use for their native language. |
| Hojo undō | 補助運動 | Supplementary exercises. Traditionally Japanese includes chi shi (weighted levers; concrete weights attached to wooden poles); ishi sashi (stone hand-held weights in the shape of padlocks), makiage kigu (wrist roller; weight, rope, wooden handle); makiwara; nigiri game (gripping jars; ceramic jars filled with sand); tetsu geta (iron geta); yari bako (bowl of sand struck with fingers). |
| Honbu/hombu | 本部 | Headquarters; headquarters dōjō |
| Hone | 骨 | Bone |
| Hon gamae | basisstand | |
| Honshin | 本心 | True feelings |
| Hontai | geeft uitdrukking aan meesterschap; volledige- of ware beheersing lichaam en geest | |
| Hontei | waarachtige- of basishand. Vastpakken of vasthouden middels een natuurlijke grip | |
| Hotoke | Buddha | |
| Hotoke gamae | handpositie van de Buddha | |
| Hyaku | 百 | One hundred |
| Hyaku nin | honderd man; honderd mensen; honderd personen | |
| Hyaku nin kumite | vechten tegen honderd personen; de ultieme Kyokushin test | |
| Hyogen | 表現 | Expression |
| Hyōhō | 兵法 | Methods of strategy; also heihō |
| Hyōshi | 拍子 | Timing, rhythm |
| Back to Top | ||
| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| I | ||
| I | 胃 | Stomach |
| I | 意 | Mind, intention, will, meaning |
| I | 威 | Dignity; authority |
| Iai | 居合 | Drawing of one's weapon from its place of rest or bringing it to bear; also nukitsuke; lit "a place where you are"; sitting down |
| Iaidō | 居合道 | "The way of mental presence and immediate reaction"; the way of drawing and cutting with the sword. |
| Iai goshi | 居合腰 | "Relationship hip," posture with one knee on the ground and the other foot flat |
| Iai goshi dachi | 居合腰立 | "Relationship hip stance," with one knee on the ground and the other foot flat |
| Iai hiza | 居膝 | Sitting posture, kneeling on one calf, allowing quick draw of sword while sitting |
| Iaijutsu | 居合術 | The art of drawing and cutting with the sword |
| Iainuki | 居合い抜き | While on one knee, drawing a sword and cutting one's opponent |
| Ibuche | Okinawan term for ibuki | |
| Ibuki | 息吹 | A breathing method featuring a long exhalation, followed by a short cough to clear lungs; in Okinawan, ibuche; see a-un no kokyū |
| Ibuki no gare | onhoorbare ademhalingsoefening | |
| Ibuki sankai | duidelijk hoorbare ademhalingsoefening; san kai betekent 3x | |
| Ichi | 一 | One |
| Ichiban | 一番 | First; best |
| Ichichi | 五 or 伍 | Okinawan for "five" |
| Ichidai | 一代 | A generation; lifetime; age |
| Ichido | 一度 | Once |
| Ichi-go ichi-e | 一期一会 | One encounter, one opportunity |
| Ichi hyōshi | 一拍子 | In an instant; in one breath; in one moment; without hesitation |
| Ichikyo | 一教 | First teaching; also ikkyo |
| Ichimai | 一枚 | Lit "one sheet of paper"; space between one's controlled technique and one's opponent. |
| Ichimonji | 一文字 | In the shape of the character for "one," in a straight line |
| Ichimonji suburi | 一文字素振り | The practice of cutting (generally in air); to make one precise and all-ending cut. |
| Ichi no hyōshi no heihō | 一拍子兵法 | Lit "the combative strategy of the rhythm of one": completing a movement and technique in one exhalation; to condition the mind and body to seize an opportunity and act without conscious thought |
| Ichi rei no kamae | 一礼の構え | Formal kobujutsu bowing posture |
| Ichitaita | 一対多 | Lit "one against many"; multiple attackers against one defender |
| Idō | 移動 | Movement |
| Idō geiko | 移動稽古 | Moving practice or moving basics (Kyokushinkai) |
| Idō kihon | basistechnieken (vanuit stand) | |
| Idori | technieken die vanuit zitpositie (Seiza) worden uitgevoerd | |
| Iegara | 家柄 | Family background, family standing, filial lineage |
| Iemoto | 家元 | Lit "family foundation," head of a school |
| Ijiki | Okinawan word for being full of strength (ki) | |
| Ijime | 苛め | Bullying |
| Ijimekko | 苛めっ娘 | Bully |
| Ikebana | 生け花 | Japanese flower arrangement; also kadō 華道 |
| Ikedori | 生け捕り | Lit "to view alive" or "to capture alive"; ikedori is much older than its modern equivalent, shakkei; a facet of Japanese architecture often present in dōjō |
| Iki | 粋 | Aesthetic ideal, lit "spirit" or "life" |
| Iki | 息 | Breath in physical aspects, cf more esoteric kokyū |
| Ikinari | 行き成り | Suddenly, without warning, without telegraphing |
| Ikite | Lit "living hand"; a relaxed hand, open or with no tension, but ready | |
| Ikiuchi | 息打ち | Lit "striking in a single breath"; striking in the time it takes to inhale or exhale |
| Ikken kissatsu | 一拳必殺 or 一拳乞察? | One punch death blow, to kill with one attack; to kill one's ego; also ikken hissatsu |
| Ikkini | 一気に | In one breath; instantly |
| Ikki tōsen | 一騎当千 | "One man who is worth a thousand" |
| Ikkōgeki shimasu ni ikkazoe | 一攻撃 | Lit, "One count, one movement"; counting out movements of a kata |
| Ikko hanko | 一箇半箇 | Lit, "One man or half a man"; Zen term for a true successor |
| Ikkyo | Het voor het eerst aanleren van de basisprincipes | |
| Ikkyo undo | Eerst aangeleerde techniek tijdens de eerste les | |
| Ima | Nu | |
| In | 陰 | Yin |
| In | 咽 | Throat |
| Inibuki | 息吹 | Internal, quiet, soft breathing, as opposed to yo ibuki |
| International Martial Arts Federataion | 国際武道院 | In Japanese, Kokusai Budōin |
| Inyo | 陰陽 | Yin and yang |
| Ippan geiko | 一般稽古 | Regular practice in the dōjō; repeating what the sensei models |
| Ippon | 一本 | One full point in karate competition |
| Ippon ken | 一本拳 | One knuckle fist |
| Ippon kumite | 一本组手 | One step prearranged sparring in karate |
| Ippon nukite | 一本貫手 | One finger spear hand |
| Ippon shōbu | 一本勝負 | Sport kumite in which one full point wins the match |
| Ire tsuki ni nayasu | Step back and absorb thrust or punch | |
| Iri | 入り | Enter |
| Iri kumi | 入組 or 入组 | Entering attack or inside fighting; to enter to attack vital points |
| Irimi | 入り身 | Entering straight into a technique; into the body; inwards |
| IRIMI ISSOKU | Toegang verkrijgen / verdediging doorbreken / naderen door middel van 1 stap | |
| Iro obi | 色帯 | Colored belt |
| Isagiyoi | 潔い | With grace, having integrity—doing something with your whole heart, regardless of its reception; clean, clear, pure, sportsmanlike, manly; |
| Isagiyoku make wo mitomeru | 潔く負けを認める | Admit defeat agreeably, be a good loser |
| Isamashii | 勇まし | Courageous |
| Isami | Heldhaftig | |
| Isamihada | 勇み肌 | Gallantry |
| Ishi | 意思 | Intention, purpose |
| Ishi | 石 | Stone; also seki |
| Isshakku bō | 一尺棒 | One-foot stick |
| Isshi ken | Extended index finger | |
| Isshin ichinyo | 一心一如 | One heart/mind, one likeness; as one mind |
| Isshin ittō | 一心一刀 | Lit "One mind, one sword"; one mind, one strike |
| Itai | 痛い | Pain, ache, sting, grief, hurt, "It hurts" |
| Itami | 痛み | Pain |
| Itami wake | Winst door (niet moedwillige) verwonding van tegenstander | |
| Itto | Zwaard | |
| Iwa | Steen | |
| Iwao no mi | 巌の身 | Body of a rock |
| Back to Top | ||
| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| J | ||
| Jaku | 寂 | Still, silent, quiet, desolate |
| Jakuten | 弱点 | Weak point, weakness |
| Jeet Kune Do | 截拳道良 | "The way of the intercepting fist," style founded by Bruce Lee |
| Ji | 地 | Earth |
| Ji | 字 | Character, letter, writing, script or shape |
| Ji | Learning of technique, as contrasted to ri, | |
| Jibun | 自分 | Oneself, myself |
| Ji geiko | 地稽古 | The general method of doing keiko in which the trainee polishes his/her techniques, disciplines his/her mind, and makes an effort to overcome his/her weak points. |
| Jigo hontai | 自護本体 | Basic defensive posture; crouching defensive posture |
| Jigoku | 地獄 | Hell (Buddhist) |
| Jikan | Tijd / sein dat officiïele wedstrijdtijd voorbij is | |
| Jiki deshi | Directe student. Iemand die leerling (is geweest) onder de stijloprichter | |
| Jikkō | 実行 | Self-light; self-realization |
| Jiku ashi | 軸足 | Pivot leg |
| Jiku ashi geri | Trap naar tegenstander's been dat op de grond staat terwijl deze een trap uitvoert | |
| Jime | 絞め | Choke or strangle (combination form) |
| Jimi | 地味 | Having a naturalistic, subdued and subtle character; plan, simple, sober |
| Jin | 人 | Person |
| Jin | 腎 | Kidney |
| Jin | 仁 | Benevolence |
| Jinan | 次男 | Second son |
| Jing | 精 | Essence or kidney essence (Chinese), one of the Three Treasures |
| Jinkai kyusho | Vitale lichaamsdelen | |
| Jinkan | 時間 | Time |
| Jin no kokyu | Iemands ademhaling | |
| Jintai | Lichaam / het lichaam | |
| Jinzō | 腎臓 | Kidney |
| Jisha | Iemand die lesgevende assisteert (geen officieel assistant) | |
| Jishin | 自信 | Self-confidence |
| Jissen | 実戦 | Real combat; realistic fighting |
| Jissen kumite | 実戦组手 | Full-contact fighting |
| Jita kyōei | 自他共栄 | Mutual benefit |
| Jitsu | 実 | Truth; reality; sincerity, honesty, fidelity; substance; good result |
| Jiyū | 自由 | Free; freedom |
| Jiyū dachi | 自由立 | Free fighting stance |
| Jiyū geiko | 自由稽古 | Free practice; freely choosing what one studies and trains |
| Jiyū ippon kumite | 自由一本組手 | Semi-free one attack sparring |
| Jiyū kumite | 自由組手 | Free sparring |
| Jiyū uke | Gekruiste afweer, kruislings blok met twee handen | |
| Jiyū waza | Vrije stijl technieken / vrij te gebruiken technieken (in sparring gebruikte technieken) | |
| Jō | 杖 | Short stick |
| Jō | 上 | Upper or high |
| Jō | 常 | Always, constant, continually |
| Jō | 場 | Place, space, room |
| Jō awase | 杖合わせ | Jō exercises |
| Jōdan | 上段 | Upper level |
| Jōdan age uke | 上段肋受け | Upper level rising block |
| Jōdan age tsuki | 上段肋突き | Upper level rising punch |
| Jōdan haishu jūji uke | 上段背手十字受け | Upper level back of hand cross block |
| Jōdan haitō uchi | 上段背刀打ち | Upper level ridge hand strike |
| Jōdan kakutō uke | 上段鶴頭受け | Upper level crane head wrist block |
| Jōdan mae empi | 上段前猿臂 | Upper level front elbow (strike) |
| Jōdan mawashi geri | 上段回し蹴り | Upper level roundhouse kick |
| Jōdan mawashi tsuki | 上段回し突き | Upper level roundhouse punch |
| Jōdan shutō jūji uke | 上段手刀十字受け | Upper level sword hand cross block, as in Heian Godan |
| Jōdan uke | 上段受け | Upper level block |
| Jōdan ushiro mawashi geri | 上段後ろ回し蹴り | Upper level back roundhouse kick |
| Jōdan ushiro tsuki | 上段後ろ突き | Upper level rear punch over opposite shoulder |
| Jōdan waza | 上段技 | Upper level technique |
| Jōdan yoko geri keage | 上段横蹴り蹴上げ | Upper level side snap kick |
| Jōdan tsuki | 上段突き | Upper level punch or thrust |
| Jōdō | 杖道 | The way of the short stick |
| Jōdori | 杖取り | Defense against jō |
| Jogai | Het gebied buiten de wedstrijdmat | |
| Jogai | Aanduiding tijdens wedstrijd voor verlaten wedstrijdvloer | |
| Joge | Omhoog en omlaag | |
| Jōhanshin | 上半身 | Upper body |
| Jōjutsu | 杖術 | Art of the short stick |
| Jōō Takeno (1502 - 1555) | 武野 紹鴎 | Master of sadō, the Japanese tea ceremony |
| Jorei | Dojo regels | |
| Jōseki | 上関 | "Upper seat" in a dōjō |
| Jōseki ni rei | 上関に礼 | Command to bow to the jōseki |
| Joshi goshinjutsu | 女子護身術 | Women's self-defense |
| Jōsokutei | 上足底 | Ball of foot, lit. "raised sole of foot"; also koshi |
| Jōtai | 上腿 | Thigh; also daitai, momo, futomomo |
| Jō tai jō | 杖対杖 | Jō versus jō |
| Jō tai ken | 杖対剣 | Jō versus sword |
| Jowan | De bovenarm | |
| Jozu | Getalenteerd; iemand met uitmuntende technieken | |
| Jū | 十 | Ten |
| Jū | 柔 | Soft, pliable, flexible, gentle |
| Jū | 従 | Obey, submit, yield, conform, follow) |
| Juban | Een 'onder Kimono'; gedragen onder Kimono bij koude weersomstandigheden | |
| Jūdan | 十段 | Tenth degree black belt |
| Jūdō | 柔道 | "The gentle way"; method of throwing and grappling with a strong sport aspect, a gendai budō |
| Jugyo | Instructieve training of les | |
| Jūji | 十字 | Cross |
| Jūji ashi | 十足 | Stepping left or right across the other leg |
| Jūji uke | 十字受け | Cross block |
| Jūjun | 従順 | Obedient |
| Jūjutsu | 柔術 | "The flexible art"; method of fighting that includes grappling |
| Jūjutsugi | 柔術着 or 柔術衣 | Jūjutsu uniform |
| Juko Murata (1422 - 1502) | 村田珠光 | Master of sadō, the Japanese tea ceremony |
| Juku | 塾 | Private school |
| Jukuren | 熟練 | Skill, practiced skill, mastery |
| Jun | Dichtbij / vlakbij / korte (of geringe) afstand | |
| Junan taisō | 柔軟 体操 | Flexibility exercises; body conditioning |
| Junbi | 準備 | Prepare, get ready |
| Junbi taisō | 準備体操 | Preparatory exercises |
| Junbi taisō o hajimemasu | Commando om met de warming-up te starten | |
| Junbi taisō o owarimasu | Commando om met de warming-up te stoppen | |
| Junbi undō | 準備運動 | Preparatory exercises |
| Jun kessho-sen | Semi finale | |
| Junshin | 純真 | Pure heart |
| Jun tsuki | 順突 | Lunge punch; lunge thrust |
| Jun tszuki tsukkomi | 順突突込 | Leaning lunge punch |
| Jun tsuki tsukkomi dachi | 順突突込立 | Leaning lunge punch stance |
| Jushin | 重心 | Centre of gravity; stability |
| Jutsu | 術 | Technique; art |
| Back to Top | ||
| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| K | ||
| -ka | 家 | Suffix meaning “practitioner,”as in karateka |
| Ka | 火 | Fire; one of the Godai, the Five Elements |
| Kabura | 鏑 | Arrowhead |
| Kaburaya | 蕪矢 | Turnip-head arrow that makes a distinctive sound in flight |
| Kabuto | 兜 or 冑 | Helmet of samurai armour |
| Kachi | Winst / gewonnen | |
| Kachu men | Samurai face guard or mask, usually worn with a kabuto; also mempō, menpō, menbō, men yoroi or katchu men | |
| Kadō | 華道 | The way of the flower; Japanese flower arranging; also ikebana |
| Kadomatsu | 門松 | Traditional Japanese New Year's decorations, often displayed in dōjō |
| Kae ashi | verplaatsing door het maken van een gehele stap | |
| Kaeshi | 返し | Twist, turn, come back, return |
| Kaeshi ippon kumite | 返し一本組手 | Two step one attack sparring |
| Kaeshi waza | 返し技 | Counter techniques, escape techniques |
| Kaeshi tsuki | 返し突き | Counterpunch or counter thrust |
| Kaesu | 返す | Give back |
| Kaete | 返て | Returning back |
| Kafuza | 跏跌坐 | Full lotus seated position; also kekka fuza, zenka fuza, zenkaza, kaza |
| Kagami | 屈み | To crouch or duck (type of tai sabaki) |
| Kagami | 鑑 | Example, model, paragon |
| Kagami | 鏡 | Mirror; also kyō |
| Kagami biraki | 鏡開き | "Opening the mirror"; ritual first workout of the new year |
| Kagami geiko | 鏡稽古 | "Mirror training": training in which partners mirror each other's actions |
| Kage | 影 | Shadow |
| Kagi tsuki | 鉤突き | Hook punch |
| Kahanshin | 下半身 | Lower body, lit "down half body" |
| Kahō | 下方 | Lower direction |
| Kai | 会 | Association |
| Kai ashi | Step forward | |
| Kaibashira | 貝柱 | Adductor muscle |
| Kaicho | 会長 | Owner of a school or organization |
| Kaiden | 皆伝 | Full knowledge, knowledge of all secrets; high level of menkyo rank system |
| Kaisai no genri | Deciphering bunkai from kata | |
| Kaisho | 開手 | Open hand |
| Kaisho kōsa uke | 開手交差受け | Open hand cross block |
| Kaishu ippon kumite | Sparring exercise | |
| Kaiten | 回転 | Rotation; turning (type of tai sabaki) |
| Kaiten ashi | Voorwaartse stap gevolgd door een draai op de bal van de voet | |
| Kaiten geri or Do kaiten geri | Traptechniek door voorwaartse rol / salto | |
| Kakato | 踵 | Heel |
| Kakato geri | 踵蹴り | Heel kick; also axe kick; in Korean, chikyo chagi or naeryo chagi |
| Kakato o ageru undō | 踵を上げる運動 | Heel lift, junbi undō ( warm-up exercise) |
| Kake | 掛け | To hang, suspend |
| Kake ashi dachi | 掛足立 | Hooked stance, a form of kosa dachi |
| Kake dachi | 掛立 | Hook stance; also kosa dachi |
| Kake geri | 掛蹴り | Hook kick |
| Kake shuto uke | 掛手刀受け | Hooking knife hand block |
| Kake te | 掛手 | Hook punch; hook block |
| Kake uke | 掛受け | Hooking block |
| Kakiwaki uke | 掻き分け受け | Reverse wedge block |
| Kaku | 角 | Corner or angle |
| Kaku | 鶴 | Crane |
| Kaku obi | 角帯 | Wide belt to support carried weapons |
| Kakushi | 隠し | Hidden |
| Kakuto | 格闘 | Hand to hand combat |
| Kakutō | 鶴頭 | "Crane head"; bent wrist formation |
| Kakutō uchi | 鶴頭打ち | Wrist joint strike; also, ko uchi |
| Kakutō uke | 鶴頭受け | Wrist joint block; also, ko uke |
| Kaku tsuki | 角突き | Square thrust |
| Kamae | 構え | Posture of whole body and mind; cf dachi, which refers only to lower body |
| Kamae te | 構えて | Command to get into position |
| Kamakiri | 螳螂 | Praying mantis, a Japanese symbol of courage and cunning, and a harbinger of good fortune; also tōrō or ōkamakiri mushi |
| Kami | 紙 | Paper |
| Kami | 髪 | Hair |
| Kami | 神 | Divinity; the gods |
| Kami no kamae | 上の构え | Upper body posture |
| Kaminoke | 髪の毛 | Hair |
| Kamiza | 上座 | "High seat"; the upper side of the dōjō floor |
| Kamiza | 神座 | Small, shelf-top shrine in a dōjō |
| Kamoku | 科目 | Special class taught by a guest instructor |
| Kamon | 家紋 | Family or heraldic symbols; also mon, monsho or mondokoro |
| Kan | 館 | Hall or building |
| Kan | 肝 | Liver, spirit |
| Kandai | 寛大 | Generosity, tolerance, leniency |
| Kan geiko | 寒稽古 | Winter training |
| Kanji | 漢字 | Chinese characters used in Japanese, as contrasted with its syllabries (kana) |
| Kankū Dai | 観空大 | Karate kata, “To look at the sky, major" |
| Kankū Sho | 観空小 | Karate kata, “To look at the sky, minor” |
| Kanō Jigorō (1860-1938) | 嘉納 治五郎 | Founder of jūdō |
| Kansa | Scheidsrechter | |
| Kansetsu | 関節 | Joint |
| Kansetsu geri | Zijwaartse stamptrap naar het kniegewricht | |
| Kansetsu waza | 関節技 | Joint locking techniques |
| Kansha | 感謝 | Thanks, gratitude, appreciation |
| Kanzashi | 簪 | Long needle-like hairpin that could be used like a dagger |
| Kanzō | 肝臓 | Liver |
| Kao | 顔 | Face |
| Kao ate | 顔当 | Face strike |
| Kara | 空 | Empty or void; also pronounced ku |
| Karada | 体 | Body; also tai or tei |
| Karada de oboeru | 体 で 覚える | Learning with the body; remembering with the body |
| Karate | 空手 | "Empty hand" |
| Karate-dō | 空手道 | The way of the empty hand |
| Karate-dō Special Committee | An Okinawan committee convened in 1940 by Gen Hayakawa, the Governor of Okinawa, to address the perceived need for karate training kata for children. | |
| Karategi | 空手着 or 空手衣 | Karate uniform |
| Karate jutsu | 空手術 | The art of karate |
| Karateka | 空手家 | Exponent of karate |
| Karate ni sente nashi | 空手に 先手 無し | "There is no first attack in karate," second of Funakoshi Gichin's 20 precepts |
| Kara tsuki | Straight punch, also choku tsuki | |
| Karō | 家老 | Clan elders; retainers whose service was long and loyal |
| Kasumi | 霞み | Dim, blurry, hazy, mist; crossing of arms to hide setup of technique; feint |
| Kata | 型 or 形 | Form |
| Kata | 方 | Side, way, direction; single, one of a pair |
| Katachi | 形 | Form, shape; correct form |
| Katai | 下腿 | Lower leg, lower part of the body, lower limbs |
| Katai geiko | 難い稽古 | Hard daily training |
| Katameru | 固める | Immobilize |
| Katana | 刀 | Long sword; also tō |
| Katana bukuro | 刀袋 | Sword bag |
| Katana kaji | 刀锻冶 | Swordsmith |
| Katana kake | 刀懸け | Sword rack |
| Katana togi | 刀砥ざ | Sword sharpener |
| Katana wa bushi no tamashi desu | 刀は武士の魂です | "The sword is the soul of a samurai" |
| Katsu | 活 | Resuscitation methods |
| Katsu | 喝 | Shout in Zen to express enlightenment; also "browbeat" |
| Kawa | 側 | Side; also soku |
| Kaza | 跏坐 | Full lotus seated position, also also kekka fuza, zenka fuza, zenkaza, kafuza |
| Kaze | 風 | Wind |
| Keage | 蹴上げ | Snapping |
| Kebanashi | Snap kick | |
| Keiko | 鶏口 | Chicken beak |
| Keikoken | 鶏口拳 | Chicken beak fist |
| Keiko | 稽古 | Practice |
| Keikogi | 稽古着 or 稽古衣 | Practice uniform |
| Keiko hajime | 稽古始め | First practice of the year |
| Keiko shōkon | 稽古照今 | Reflect on the old to understand the new |
| Keiko soremade | 稽古それ迄 | Lit "training that is all"; "Finish" |
| Keikoku | Straf, lichte overtreding die bestraft wordt met wazari (half punt) tegen | |
| Keitō | 鶏頭. | Chicken head wrist |
| Keitō uke | 鶏頭受け | Chicken head wrist block |
| Kekka fuza | 結跏趺坐 | Full lotus sitting position; also zenka fuza, zenkaza, kafuza, kaza |
| Kekomi | 蹴込み | Thrust kick |
| Kempō | 拳法 | Boxing; "fist law; Japanese translation of Chinese ch’uan fa or quanfa; also kenpo |
| Ken | 拳 | Fist |
| Kendō | 剣道 | The way of the sword |
| Kendōgi | 剣道着 or 剣道衣 | Kendō uniform |
| Kenichi, Sawai (1903-1988) | 健一澤井 | A Japanese martial artist and a colonel in the Japanese army, was an associate of Mas Oyama. Founder of Taiki-ken, a Japanese version of yiquan kung fu |
| Kenjutsu | 剣術 | The Japanese art of the sword |
| Kenkō | 健康 | Health |
| Kenkōdō | 健康道 | Way of health |
| Kenkōtaisō | 健康体操 | Health exercises |
| Kenkyo | 謙虚 | Humility, modesty |
| Kenpō | 剣法 | Old name for kendō or kenjutsu |
| Kenpō | 拳法 | Boxing; "fist law"; Japanese translation of Chinese ch’uan fa or quanfa; also kempo |
| Kensei | Technique with silent kiai | |
| Kensen | 剣先 | Tip of the sword |
| Kenshi | 剣士 | Swordsman |
| Kentsui | 拳槌 | Hammer fist; also tettsui or shutsui |
| Kentsui tate mawashi uchi | 拳槌縦回し打ち | Vertical roundhouse hammerfist strike, as in Heian Shodan |
| Kentsui uchi | 拳槌打ち | Hammer fist strike; also tettsui uchi or shutsui uchi |
| Kentsui uke | 拳槌受け | Hammer fist block |
| Keppan | 血判 | Blood oath |
| Keri | 蹴り | Kick |
| Keri waza | 蹴り技 | Kicking techniques |
| Kessho-sen | Finale | |
| Ketsuryoku | 血緑 | Effort |
| Kette | 蹴って | To kick |
| Kettō | 血統 | Blood; bloodline |
| Ki | 気 | Spirit; energy; internal energy or force; |
| Kiai | 気合 | Spirit unification; the union of breath and energry in a cry |
| Kiai irete | Commando voor het geven van kiai / hierna iedere techniek met kiai | |
| Kiai jutsu | 気合術 | The art of kiai; art of the spirit |
| Kiatsu | 気圧 | Pressure with ki; air pressure |
| Kiba dachi | 騎馬立 | Horse stance |
| Ki ga nukeru | 気が抜ける | The withdrawal of ki |
| Kihaku | 気迫 | Mental strength to face hardship; intensity |
| Kihon | 基本 | Basics |
| Kihon doza | Basis oefeningen | |
| Kihon furi uchi waza | 基本振り打ち技 | Basic swinging strike techniques |
| Kihon kata | 基本形 | Basic kata |
| Kihon kumite | 基本組み | Basic sparring; prearranged exchange of techniques |
| Kihon ippon kumite | 基本一本組手 | Basic/one step sparring |
| Kihon uchi waza | 基本打ち技 | Basic strike techniques |
| Kihon waza | 基本技 | Basic techniques |
| Ki in | Spiritual rhythm or rhythm of ki | |
| Kikai | 機会 | "Ocean of energy" of tanden; also kikaitanden |
| Kiken | Opgave tijdens wedstrijd | |
| Kiken jutsu | 危険術 | Lit "dangerous arts"; mostly empty hand close-quarter arts |
| Ki ken tai ichi | 気剣体ー | Unity of spirit, sword and body |
| Ki ken tai no ichi | 気剣体のー致 | Spirit (ki), technique (ken) and body (tai) as one |
| Kikō | 氣功 | Japanese transliteration of chi kung (qigong); practice of development of ki |
| Kime | 極め | Focus |
| Kimo | 肝 | Liver; also kan |
| Kimono | 着物 | Traditional Japanese clothing; lit "thing to wear" |
| Kin | 金 | Metal |
| Kin | 筋 | Muscle |
| Kinmotsu | 禁物 | A taboo, a prohibited thing |
| Kingeri | 金蹴 | Groin kick |
| Kinniku | 筋肉 | Muscle |
| Ki no nagare | 気の流れ | Flow of energy |
| Ki no dashikata | The projection of ki | |
| Kintama | 金玉 | Testicles, groin |
| Kinteki | 金的 | Bull's eye; object of desire |
| Kioihada | 競い肌 | Manliness, gallantry |
| Kiotsuke | 往症つけ | Attention! |
| Ki o tsukete | 気を付けて | Traditional swordsman's call to awareness, "Be careful" |
| Kirikae no kizami maegeri | Switchover front leg front kick | |
| Kiritsu | 起立 | Command to stand up |
| Kiritsu | 規律 | Discipline |
| Kisei | 気勢 | Fervor, vigor, ardor, spirit |
| Kishōmon | 起請文 | Vow taken on entering a classical tradition |
| Kisoku | 気息 | Abdominal breathing |
| Kissaki | 切っ先 or 切尖 | Point of sword |
| Kita | 北 | North; also hoku |
| Kiza | 跪坐 | Half-sitting on heels |
| Kizami maegeri | 刻み前蹴り | Front leg front kick |
| Kizami yokogeri kekomi | 刻み横蹴り蹴込み | Front leg side thrust kick |
| Kizami tsuki | 刻み突き | Jab |
| Kizeme | 気攻め | Advanced form of seme (psychological pressure) that causes a shift in the mind of the opponent |
| Kizu | 傷 | Wound; injury; scratch; cut; bruise; |
| Ko | 古 | Old |
| Ko | 小 | Small, minor |
| Ko | 虎 | Tiger; also tora |
| Ko | 後 | Behind |
| Kō | 口 | Mouth |
| Kō | 孝 | Filial piety |
| Kō | 香 | Japanese high quality incense |
| Kō | 喉 | Throat; also nodo |
| Kō | 甲 | Back of fist or hand |
| Kōan | 公案 | Zen teaching riddle |
| Ko ashi | 小足 | Little step |
| Kōbō ichi | 攻防一致 | Attack and defense as one |
| Kobuki | 小武器 | Minor weapon, one other than the katana, yari or naginata |
| Kobushi | 拳 | Fist; also ken |
| Kobudō | 古武道 | “Old martial way”; use of traditional Okinawan weapons. |
| Kobujutsu | Art of weapons | |
| Kōdō | 香道 | Way of incense |
| Kōdōgu | 香道具 | The tools of kōdō |
| Kodōgu | 小道具 | Japanese sword fittings |
| Kōdōkan | 講道館 | Orthodox jūdō style or its hombu |
| Kodoku | 孤独 | Solitude |
| Kofū | 古風 | Old style, old customs |
| Kogan uke no kamae | 睾丸受の構え | Ceremonial posture in musubi dachi and hands flat and crossed at groin |
| Kōgeki | 攻撃 | Attack, strike, offense; sometimes contrasted to bōgyo, defense |
| Kōhai | 後輩 | Junior; complement of sempai or senpai |
| Kōhei | 公平 | Fairness, impartiality, justice |
| Koiguchi | 鯉口 | Mouth of a sword scabbard |
| Kojin | 個人 | Individual |
| Kojin-shugi | Individuele deelname | |
| Koken | 弧拳 | Wrist; in karate, back of wrist, also tekubi |
| Koken uke | Afweer met het handgewricht | |
| Kokō | 虎口 | Tiger mouth: the fleshy arc between thumb and index finger |
| Kokoro | 心 | Heart, character, attitude (click to listen); also shin |
| Kokoro gamae | 心構え | Mental attitude |
| Kokoro no maai | 心の間合い | Lit "mental interval" or "interval of the spirit"; maai understood with respect to the mind, heart and/or spirit |
| Kokoro no me | 心の目 | "Eyes of the heart," intuition, sensitivity, sixth sense |
| Kokoro wo nokosazu | 心を残さず | "Leave nothing of the spirit behind"; give your absolute to every technique |
| Kokusai | 国际 | International |
| Kokusai Budoin | 国際武道院 | International Martial Arts Federation |
| Kokusai taikai | Internationaal toernooi | |
| Kōkutsu dachi | 後屈立 | Back stance |
| Kokyū | 呼吸 | Breath, breathing; knack, trick, secret (of doing something) |
| Kokyū hō | 呼吸法 | Methods of proper breathing |
| Koma musubi | 駒結び | Lit "foal knot," square knot used to tie the obi (belt) of modern keikogi |
| Komekami | 米噛み | Temple (body part) |
| Komekami uchi | 米噛み打ち | Temple strike |
| Kongoken | Okinawan hojo undō apparatus | |
| Konki | 根気 | Perseverance, patience, persistence |
| Konnichi wa | 今日は | Good day, hello |
| Kontei | Narrowed tips of a bō (3/4 inch in diameter) | |
| Koppo | 骨法 | Knack; essence; bone-breaking methods |
| Koppōken | 骨法拳 | Thumb knuckle strike |
| Kōsa dachi | 交差立 | Cross-legged stance |
| Kōsa uke | 交差受け | Cross-armed block; also jūji uke |
| Kosha | 攻者 | Attacker |
| Koshi | 腰 | Hip; loin; waist |
| Koshiki | 古式 | Old style; ancient ritual |
| Kōshiki hantei | 公式判定 | Official award |
| Kōshiza | 交指坐 | Variation of seiza 正座 in which big toes are crossed |
| Kossetsu | 骨折 | Bone fracture |
| Kosshijutsu | 骨質術 | Art of muscle striking |
| Kotai | Wissel (van partner of van plek in een rij) | |
| Kotan | 枯淡 | Elegant simplicity |
| Kote | 小手 | Wrist; forearm |
| Kote | 骨質術 | Forearm protectors |
| Kote kitae | 小手鍛たえ | Forearm forging, toughening of the forearm |
| Kotsu | 骨 | Bone, skeleton, frame, rib; hard work, knack, trick |
| Kotsuban | 骨盤 | Pelvis |
| Ku | 九 | Nine; also kyū |
| Kū | 空 | Emptiness; sky; the void; also kara |
| Kuatsu | Method of resuscitation | |
| Kubi | 首 | Neck |
| Kubi o mawase undō | 首を回す運動 | Neck circles, junbi undō (warm-up exercise) |
| Kuchi | 口 | Mouth |
| Kuchibiru | 唇 | Lip |
| Kudoku | 功徳 | Virtue, pious act |
| Kūkan | 空間 | Space, room |
| Kuma | 熊 | Bear |
| Kumade | Berenklauw | |
| Kumite | 組手 or 组手 | Sparring |
| Kumite dachi | 组手立ち | Fighting stance |
| Kumo | 蜘蛛 | Spider |
| Kung fu | 功夫 | Chinese martial arts; literally, any kind of cultivated skill |
| Kun | 訓 | Teaching, precept |
| Kunren | 訓練 | Training |
| Kunyomi | 訓読み | Japanese or native reading of kanji, in contrast to Onyomi, the Sino-Japanese reading |
| Kuro | 黒 | Black |
| Kuro obi | 黒帯 | Black belt |
| Kuruma | 車 | Wheel |
| Kusazuri | 草摺 | Tassets; armored thigh protectors |
| Kusuri | 薬 | Drug or medicine |
| Kutsu | 屈 | Stoop, bend, crouch, yield, give in |
| Kuzushi | 崩し | Breaking the opponent's balance or centeredness |
| Kuzushi waza | 崩し技 | Techniques to unbalance |
| Kyo | 虚 | Empty, void |
| Kyō | 胸 | Chest, breast, bosom |
| Kyō | 教 | Teachings |
| Kyō | 強 | Strong, powerful, intense, tough; tolerant; impervious, durable; competent, knowledgeable; force, press, compel, coerce |
| Kyōiku | 教育 | Education, teaching, training |
| Kyōjaku | 強弱 | Strength, power |
| Kyojitsu | 虚実 | Truth and falsehood |
| Kyojitsu tenkan hō | 虚実転換法 | Interchanging truth and falsehood |
| Kyōka | 教科 | Teachings, curriculum, subject |
| Kyokai | 協会 | Association |
| Kyōkun | 教訓 | Lesson, precept, moral teaching |
| Kyokushinkai | 極真会 | “Society of the ultimate truth,” karate ryū founded by Ōyama Masutatsu |
| Kyoshi no kamae | 踞姿の構え | Squat posture; on one knee |
| Kyōshi | 教士 | Teaching title above renshi and below hanshi |
| Kyōshi | 教師 | Sensei; not the same as kyōshi 教士 |
| Kyōteki | 強敵 | Powerful enemy |
| Kyōto | 京都 | Old capital city of Japan |
| Kyū | 九 | Nine; also ku |
| Kyu | Graden (kleur banden) tot 1e Dan (zwarte band) | |
| Kyūdō | 弓道 | Way of the bow; Japanese archery |
| Kyūdōjō | A dōjō for kyūdō, ideally comprised of shajō, yamichi and matoba | |
| Kyū kumite | 級組手 | Lower level yakusoku kumite (prearranged sparring) |
| Kyūshindō | 究心道 | "The way of longing for knowledge of the fundamental nature of anything"; Japanese theory of budō founded by Abbe Kenshiro |
| Kyūsho | 急所 | Pressure point or vital point |
| Kyūsho mato | 急所的 | Vital point target |
| Kyūsho jutsu | 急所術 | Vital point striking |
| Kyūsho waza | 急所技 | Pressure point techniques |
| Kyūsoku gamae waza | 休息構え技 | A break inserted into fighting or the sequence of a kata |
| Back to Top | ||
| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| M | ||
| Ma | 馬 | Horse; also uma or ba |
| Maai | 間合い | Distance between opponents |
| Ma ai ga to | Niet de correcte afstand | |
| Machi dojo | Prive Dojo; kleinere / onafhankelijke Dojo | |
| Machigai | Fout / vergissing | |
| Mae | 前 | Front; also zen |
| Mae ashi geri | Traptechniek met het voorste been; letterlijk 'voorbeentrap' | |
| Mae ashi keage | Voorwaarts gestrekt opzwaaien van voorste been | |
| Mae ate | 前当 | Front strike |
| Mae empi | Voorwaartse elleboogtechniek | |
| Mae geri | 前蹴り | Front kick |
| Mae geri keage | 前蹴り蹴上げ | Front snapping kick |
| Mae geri fumikomi | 前蹴り踏み込み | Front stamping kick |
| Mae geri kekomi | 前蹴り蹴込み | Front thrust kick |
| Mae hiji ate | 前蹴肘当 | Front elbow strike |
| Mae keage | Voorwaarts gestrekt opzwaaien van achterste been | |
| Mae mawashi uke | Voorwaarts gerichte cirkelvormige afweer met beide armen (als molenwieken) | |
| Mae no sen | 前の先 | Front attacking; attacking at the instant the opponent thinks about attacking |
| Mae tobi geri | 前飛び蹴り | Flying front kick |
| Mae tobi hiza geri | 前飛び膝蹴り | Flying front knee strike |
| Mae ude deai osae uke | 前腕出会い押え受け | Forearm pressing block |
| Mae ude hineri uke | 前腕捻り受 | Forearm twisting block |
| Maitta | 'Ik geef me gewonnen' / 'ik geef op' | |
| Make | Verliezer | |
| Makiwara | Met stro omwikkelde verticale plank om stoottechnieken op te trainen en knokkels te harden (eeltvorming) | |
| Man | 10.000, tienduizend | |
| Manabu | 学ぶ | To learn, to study in depth, to take lessons in |
| Manji uke | 卍受 | Gedan barai with jodan uchi uke or jodan soto yoko te |
| Mari Shiten | 摩利支天 | Esoteric Buddhist god of self defense and victory, one of the Jūniten, the twelve dieties |
| Maru | 丸 | Circle |
| Marui | 丸い or 円い | Circle, circular |
| Mashomen no nekoashi dachi | 真正面の 猫足立 | Front viewing cat stance |
| Massugu | 真直 | Straight ahead |
| Masutatsu, Ōyama (1923 - 1994) | 大山倍達 | Born Choi Yeong-Eui 최영의, founder of Kyokushinkai karate-dō. |
| Mata | 股 | Thigh, crotch, groin |
| Matsu | 待つ | Wait |
| Matsu | 松 | Pine tree |
| Matsunen | 末年 | The final days; the final years; the last generation |
| Matte | 待って | Stop immediately |
| Marwaru | 回る | To turn |
| Mawashi | 回し | Turn or rotation |
| Mawashi barai | 回し払い | Roundhouse (foot) sweep |
| Mawashi geri | 回し蹴り or 迴蹴 | Roundhouse kick |
| Mawashi hiza geri | Cirkelvormige knietechniek | |
| Mawashi tobi geri | 回し飛び蹴り | Flying roundhouse kick |
| Mawashi hiji ate | 回し肘当 | Roundhouse elbow strike |
| Mawashi shuto uchi | 回し外手打ち | Roundhouse knife hand strike |
| Mawashi uke | 回し受 | Roundhouse block |
| Mawashi tsuki | 回し突き | Roundhouse punch |
| Mawatte | 回って | Command to turn |
| Me | 目 | Eye |
| Medama | 目玉 | Eyeball |
| Mei | 銘 | Inscription on a Japanese sword |
| Meibun | 銘文 | The inscription in the mei in total, as opposed to just individual kanji |
| Meigirishi | 銘切り師 | People who specialized in inscribing mei |
| Meiji Restoration | 明治維新 | Time of crucial political transformation in Japan around 1868 |
| Meijin | 名人 | Master of a Way; grandmaster, lit. "brilliant person" |
| Meiyo | 名 誉 | Honor, distinction; status of being worthy of honor |
| Men | Hoofd | |
| Menkyo | 免許 | Teaching license |
| Men uchi | 面打ち | Strike to the head |
| Mete | 目手 | Forward hand that can be seen by an opponent |
| Metsubushi | 目溃 | Throwing ash in the eyes; crushing the eyes; distracting the opponent |
| Metsuke | 目付け | Eye contact; focus |
| Mi | 眉 | Eyebrow |
| Mibun | 身分 | System of rights and responsibilities |
| Michi | 道 | Road, way, way of the universe; also, dō |
| Midare geiko | Vrije training | |
| Midori | 緑 | Green |
| Mienai | Niets gezien (scheidsrechtersterm; geen score of verboden techniek gezien) | |
| Migi | 右 | Right; also u |
| Migi do | 右胴 | Right side of body |
| Migi jigo tai | 右自護体 | Right defensive posture |
| Migikae tsuki | Jab punch | |
| Migi mawari | 右回り | Clockwise |
| Migi shizen tai | 右自然体 | Right natural posture |
| Migi waki | 右脇 | Right side posture |
| Mika tsuki geri | Cirkelvormige aanval met voetzool | |
| Mika tsuki geri uke | Cirkelvormige afweer / blokkering met voetzool | |
| Mikkyō | 密教 | Esoteric Buddhism; lit "secret teachings" |
| Mimi | 耳 | Ear |
| Mimitabu | 耳たぶ | Earlobe |
| Minami | 南 | South |
| Min Zin | System of internal exercise similiar to qigong | |
| Minzoku bujutsu | 民族武術 | Martial arts which existed before the first ryū |
| Miru | 見る | To look |
| Misekake | 見せ掛け or 見せかけ | Feint or false attack |
| Misogi | 禊 | Ritual purification |
| Mitate | 見立 | New way of seeing |
| Mitori geiko | 見取稽古 | "Eyes grab practice"; learning by observing, especially when injured |
| Miyagi | Cadeau, presentje | |
| Miyagi Chōjun (1888-1953) | 宮城 長順 | Founder of Gōjū ryū 剛柔流 karate-dō |
| Mizo ochi | 鸠尾 | Solar plexus |
| Mizu | 水 | Water |
| Mizuhiki | 水引 | Ribbon-like decoration on a wrapped gift |
| Mizu nagare tsuki | Het stoten in water | |
| Mizo no kokoro | Als water reageren; rustig voor de aanval (storm), onstuimig tijdens de aanval (storm) en weer kalm na de aanval (storm) | |
| Modotte | 戻って | Command to return to original position |
| Mo ichido | もう一度 | One more time |
| Moku | 木 | Wood |
| Mokuroku | 目録 | Catalog or register of techniques or members of a ryū; middle stage of the menkyo rank system, after okuiri |
| Mokushin | 目心 | Lit "eye of the mind"; one of two types of metsuke |
| Mokusō | 黙想 | Meditation, part of the training of mushin; the call to meditate |
| Mokusō yamae | 黙想止め | Command to finish meditation |
| Mokuso zen | Het streven bij langere meditatie is de geest leeg maken; gedachteloos te zijn | |
| Momo | 腿 | Thigh, femur |
| Momo geri | Trap naar dijbeen; UCHI MOMO GERI is de trap naar de binnenzijde van het dijbeen; termen die men vaker voor MOMO GERI gebruikt zijn Mawashi Geri Gedan of Low Kick | |
| Mo motte | Meer | |
| Momoyama jidai | 桃山時代 | Momoyama period, 1573-1599, when samurai began to wear two swords |
| Mon | 紋 | Family crest; also monsho 紋章, mondokoro 紋所 or kamon 家紋 |
| Mondō | 問答 | Questions and answers; in Zen, a question to a student for which an immediate answer is demanded; cf koan 公案 |
| Mondōmuyō | 問答無用 | "Dialogue is useless," "argument is useless," "don't waste your breath" |
| Mondokoro | 紋所 | Family crest; also monsho 紋章, mon 紋 or kamon 家紋 |
| Mongai fushutsu | 門外不出 | Never allowing something to be taken off the premises; a treasure or secret never seeing the light of day; knowledge kept in-house; not to be shown outside |
| Monjin | 門人 | Beginner, lit "person at the gate" |
| Mono no aware | 物の哀れ | Aesthetic and spiritual concept of desolate poignancy and acceptance of impermanence |
| Mono uchi | 物打 | Best part of the sword with which to cut; 1/3 of the blade closest to the kissaki |
| Monshō | 紋章 | Family crest; also mon, mondokoro 紋所 or kamon 家紋 |
| Montei | 門弟 | Accepted disciple, deshi |
| Montsuki | 紋付 | Formal kimono |
| Moro ashi dachi | 両足立ち | One foot forward stance |
| Moribana | 盛花 | "Piled up flowers"; style of kadō ( Japanese flower arrangement) |
| Morote | 諸手 | With both hands |
| Morote barai uke | 諸手払受 | Augmented lower block |
| Morote dori | 諸手取り | Two-handed grab |
| Morote uchi | 諸手打ち | Two-handed strike |
| Morote uke | 諸手受 | Two-handed or augmented block |
| Morote tsuki | 諸手突き | Two-handed punch |
| Mo sukoshi | も少し | A little more |
| Motohazu | 本弭 | Lower tip of the Japanese bow (Kyūdō) |
| Moto o | 元緒 | Main cord of those used to secure a kabuto to the head |
| Mu | 無 | Nothingness |
| Mubobi | Straf, onsportief gedrag | |
| Mudansha | 無段者 | Trainee without dan grade |
| Mufudakake | 武札掛け? | A wooden commemorative plaque in a dōjō bearing the names of deceased masters |
| Muga | 無我 | No self-consciousness; egolessness |
| Muga ichi-nen hō | 無我一念法 | "No self, one thought method"; a form of meditation |
| Muga mushin | 無我無心 | No self; no mind; egolessness; being able to react without concern |
| Mui | 無為 | Doing nothing; unaffected calmness that does not conflict with nature |
| Mujō | 無常 | Uncertainty, impermanence |
| Mukozune | Atemi point in the middle of the shin | |
| Mune | 棟 | Back ridge of sword |
| Mune tsuki | Stoottechniek naar de borst | |
| Munemachi | 棟区 or 棟関 | Notch at the start of the mune (back ridge of sword) |
| Mune saki | 棟先 | Point of the mune (back ridge of sword) at the kissaki (sword tip) |
| Mune | 胸 | Chest |
| Munen mushin | 無念無心 | Striking without conscious concern about the outcome; mindset of non-fixation; state of emptiness |
| Munen musō | 無念無想 | No mind |
| Musanso undō | 無酸素運動 | Anaerobic exercise |
| Musha | 武者 | Warrior, a shortened form of bugeisha |
| Musha e | 武者絵 | Warrior print |
| Musha furi | 武者振り | Prowess, gallantry; also mushaburi |
| Musha furitsuku | 武者振り付く | To jump into the fray |
| Mushin | 無心 | Empty mind |
| Mushin no shin | 無心の心 | Mind of no mind |
| Mushotoku | 無所得 | (Practice seeking) no reward or profit |
| Musō | 無想 | No mind |
| Musubi | 結び | Knot; union; ending; conclusion; informality |
| Musubi dachi | 結び立 | Informal stance, informal attention stance |
| Mutekatsu | Let. overwinning zonder handen. Een overwinning zonder er voor te moeten vechten | |
| Mutō | 無刀 | No sword |
| Mutō waza | 無刀技 | No-sword techniques; waza for an unarmed fighter against an armed attacker |
| Myaku | 脈 | Vein, pulse, hope |
| Myō | 名 | Something mysterious, extraordinary or marvelous, hinted at |
| Myojo | Point one inch below navel, vital point | |
| Myosho | Area around the navel | |
| Myo wa kyojitsu no kan ni ari | "Essence exists in the void between actions" | |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| N | ||
| Nafudakake | 名札掛け | Board in a dōjō showing name and rank |
| Nagare | 流れ | Flow, streaming |
| Nagashi uke | 流し受け | Sweeping or flowing block, used in the kata Naihanchi |
| Nagashi tsuki | 流し突き | Flowing punch |
| Nagashi waza | 流し技 | Flowing from one technique to another |
| Nahate | 那覇⼿ | Old name for the marterial art from Naha in Okinawa |
| Naifanchi | 内歩進 | Karate kata performed in kiba dachi, lit. "internal divided conflict" |
| Naifanchi dachi | 内歩進立 | Straddle stance; also kiba dachi |
| Naiwan | 内腕 | Inner arm |
| Naka | 中 | Center |
| Nakadaka ippon ken | 中高一本拳 | Middle finger one knuckle punch; also nakadaka ken |
| Nakadaka ken | 中高拳 | Middle finger one knuckle punch; also nakadaka ippon ken |
| Naka ima | 中今 | Eternal present, eternal now |
| Nakamura Tadashi (1942 - ) | 中村忠 | Japanese karateka, founder of Seidō Juku Karate |
| Naka ni | Naar het midden / middengedeelte | |
| Nakayubi | 中指 | Middle finger |
| Nakazumi | 中墨 | Centerline |
| Nami ashi | 並足 | Lit "ordinary foot": walking with smooth sliding steps |
| Nami ashi geri | 波足蹴り | Lit "wave foot kick"; block using foot; also namigaeshi |
| Nami gaeshi | 波返し | Lit "returning wave"; block using foot ; also nami ashi geri |
| Nana | 七 | Seven; also shichi |
| Nana korobi ya oki | 七転八起 | "Fall seven times, get up eight"; motto of perseverance |
| Naname | 斜め | Diagonal |
| Naname age empi uchi | 斜め 揚猿臂打ち | Diagonally rising elbow strike; 45 degree elbow in kickboxing |
| Naore | 直れ | Command to rest |
| Naoshite | 直して | Command to correct stance or position |
| Naotte | 直って | Command to rest, relax, or return to stance |
| Narande | 並んで | Command to line up |
| Nebarizuoi | 粘強 | Persevering or tenacious |
| Neko ashi dachi | 猫足立 | Cat stance, lit "cat foot stance" |
| Nesshin | 熱心 | Enthusiasm, zeal |
| Newaza | 寝技 | Groundwork techniques |
| Ni | 二 | Two |
| Ni bon | 2-stap | |
| Nidan | 二段 | Second level |
| Nidan geri | 二段蹴り | Double kick |
| Nidan waza | 2-staptechnieken | |
| Nihon | 日本 | Japan also, Nippon |
| Nihon fū | 日本風 | Japanese style |
| Nihon go | 日本語 | Japanese language |
| Nihon jin | 日本人 | Japanese people |
| Nihon jinron | 日本人論 | Lit "theories or discussions about the Japanese"; "often used by the Japanese to describe or rationalize their sense of uniqueness" (Lowry, The Karate Way) |
| Nihon Karate Kyokai | 日本唐手協会 | Japan Karate Association, organization for Shōtōkan karate |
| Nihon ken tsuki | Twee vinger knokkelstoot | |
| Nihon nukite | 二本貫手 | Two finger spear hand |
| Nihon nukite tsuki | Speerhandtechniek met 2 vingers | |
| Nihon shobu | Gevecht dat wordt beslist na 2 punten | |
| Nihon teien | 日本庭園 | Japanese garden |
| Nihon tsuki | Dubbele vuiststoot, twee keer achtereen stoten (links-rechts of rechts-links) | |
| Ni i | Finalist | |
| Nijiri ashi | 躙り足 | Gliding both feet forward or backward (type of tai sabaki) |
| Nijiri guchi | 躙り口 or 躙戸 | Entrance to a chashitsu, or tea hut. |
| Niju kun | 二十訓 | The twenty precepts of karate, by Funakoshi Gichin |
| Niju shiho | 二十四步 | "24 steps," Karate kata; a Chince books putting forth 24 moral principles |
| Ni kai sen | Tweede ronde | |
| Nikutai | 肉体 | Body, flesh |
| Ninja | 忍者 | Feudal Japanese spy |
| Ninjō | 人情 | Human feelings; compassion |
| Ninjutsu | 忍術 | "Art of invisibility"; martial art of espionage |
| Nintai | 忍耐 | Patience, perseverance, endurance |
| Nippon | 日本 | Japan; also, Nihon |
| Nippon Budōkan | 日本武道館 | Large budō hall in Tōkyō, often shortened to Budōkan |
| Nippon Karate Kyokai | 日本空手協会 | Japanese Karate Association, founded 1 May 1949 |
| Nippon-tō | 日本刀 | Japanese sword |
| Nishi | 西 | West |
| Nitobe Inazō (1862-1933) | 新渡戸稲造 | Author of Bushidō. |
| Niwa | 庭 | Garden also tei |
| Nō | 脳 | Brain |
| No | Van | |
| Nobashi | Uitgestrekt / uitgerekt | |
| Nobori | 幟 | Japanese banners or long narrow flags denoting units within an army |
| Nodo | 喉 | Throat |
| Nogareru | 逃れる | To escape |
| No naka ni | Van binnen; binnenin | |
| Nōryoku | 能力 | Ability, capacity |
| Noshi | 熨斗 | Paper wrapping for cash given as a gift or payment |
| Nukite | 贯手 | Spear hand |
| Nyūanshin | 初心 | Beginner's mind; also pronounced shoshin |
| Nyūmonsha | 入門者 | Beginner |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| O | ||
| Ō | 大 | Major, great, large |
| Obi | 帯 | Belt |
| Obi musubi | 帯結び | Belt knot |
| Ochitsuki | 落ち着き | Calm, composure |
| Odeko | お凸 | Forehead (colloquial) |
| Ō harai no gi | 大祓の儀 | Purification ceremony; also harai no gi 祓の儀; related to misogi 禊 |
| Ohayō | お早う | Good morning |
| Ohayō gozaimasu | お早う御座います | Good morning |
| Oi waza | 追い技 | Chasing or following strikes attacking the opponent as s/he retreats |
| Oi tsuki | 追い突き | Lunge punch; front punch, junzuki 順突き |
| Oji | Reactie | |
| Oji waza | Reactie(s) op ontvangende technieken (aanvallen); zoals blokkeringen / counters | |
| Ōkakumaku | 横隔膜 | Diaphragm |
| Ōkamakiri mushi | 大螳螂虫 | Praying mantis, a Japanese symbol of courage and cunning, and a harbinger of good fortune; also kamakiri or tōrō |
| Oki i | Groot | |
| Okinawa | 沖縄 | Birthplace of karate, het eiland ten zuiden van Japan. Vroeger onafhankelijk, nu maakt het deel uit van het keizerrijk Japan. Karate komt oorspronkelijk uit Okinawa; de technieken oorspronkelijk uit China |
| Oku | 奥 | Secret or deep |
| Okuden | 奥傳 | Inner or secret teachings |
| Okugi | 奥義 | Secret techniques; secrets, esoterica, arcana |
| Okuiri | 奥入 | Introduction to the secrets; lowest level of the menkyo rank system |
| Okunote | 奥の手 | Left hand, upper hand, secret skills, trump card, mystery, last resort |
| Oku sandan | An old grade marking a dividing line between junior (1-3 dan) and senior (4+) yudansha | |
| Omote | 表 | Front, surface, outside, entering or obvious |
| Omote waza | 表技 | Outside or manifest techniques; obvious techniques that can be displayed in public |
| On | 恩 | Obligation, favor, benefit, something requiring repayment |
| Onaji waza | 同じ技 | "Same technique" |
| Onaka | お腹 | Abdomen, belly, stomach |
| Onegai shimasu | お願いします | "I make a request" or "I ask of you," said when bowing and initiating practice |
| Onegai otsukaresamadeshita | お願いお疲れ様でした | Thank you used after training with a partner |
| Oni fumi komi | Stamp van de duivel. De stamptechniek der Sumo worstelaars (oa voor aanvang wedstrijd om de duivels te verjagen) | |
| Oniken | 鬼拳 | One knuckle punch using forefinger; also hitosashi ipponken |
| Onimusha | 鬼武者 | Daredevil warrior |
| Onjin | 恩人 | Benefactor |
| Onko chishin | 温故知新 | "To search for the old is to understand the new" |
| Onyomi | 音読み | Sino-Japanese reading of kanji, in contrast to Kunyomi, the Japanese or native reading |
| Oranda | オランダ | Holland, The Netherlands |
| Orei | お礼 | Respect; etiquette; bowing |
| Ori | 折 | Break |
| Orishiku | 折り敷く | Kneeling |
| Oroshi | 下ろし | Downward or descending |
| Oroshi uchi | 下ろし打ち | Downward strike |
| Osae | Drukken, druk uitoefenen; balans verstoren | |
| Osae komi waza | 押え込技 | "Pressing technique," pinning technique |
| Osae uchi | 押え打ち | Pressing strike |
| Osae uke | 押え受け | Pressing block |
| Osame tō | 納め刀 | Command to place sword in obi |
| Ō sensei | 大先生 | Great teacher |
| Ōsode | 大袖 | Armor for upper arms and shoulders |
| Osu | 押忍 | Karate salutation Groet (uitspraak is OESH); ook als antwoord op vraag van leraar, als teken dat je het begrepen hebt; binnen het Kyokushin is etiquette van groot belang, je dient elkaar met OSU te groeten, ook bij het betreden of verlaten van sportschool of sportzaal |
| Osu! Arigato gosai mashita | Dank u (beleefd), bijvoorbeeld als antwoord op onderstaande vraag of naar leraar aan het einde van de les | |
| Osu! Yoroshiku onegai shimasu | Groet nieuwe partner | |
| Otagai | Collega, trainingsgenoot, elkaar | |
| Otagai ni arigato gosai mashite | Groet / dankwoord naar alle aanwezigen / trainingsgenoten | |
| Otagai ni rei | Iedereen groeten / alle aanwezigen groeten | |
| Otomo | お供 | Escort to a sensei |
| Otoshi | 落とし | Drop, fall, come down |
| Otoshi hiji ate | 落とし肘当て | Downward elbow strike; also otoshi empi uchi; cf sok sub (chopping elbow) |
| Otoshi uchi | 落とし打ち | Downward strike |
| Otoshi uke | 落とし受け | Dropping block |
| Otoshi tsuki | 落とし突き | Dropping punch; downward punch |
| Otsukare samadeshita | 御疲れ様でした | "Good job today and goodbye," "Thank you for your tiredness from effort" |
| Oya sumi nasai | Goedenacht; welterusten | |
| Oya yubi ken | 親指拳 | Thumb fist |
| Oya yubi ippon ken | 亲指一本拳 | Thumb knuckle punch |
| Ōyō | 応用 | Lit "practical use," fighting applications drawn from kata; bunkai, by contrast, means "to take apart," "to break down" or "to analyze" |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| P | ||
| Pinan | 平安 | Karate kata series, lit. “Peaceful, tranquil," Heian |
| Pinan Dai | 平安大 | "Great Pinan," a form combining all 5 individual Pinan kata into one long continuous form |
| Potsai | 披塞 | "To Penetrate a Fortress" karate kata; also Bassai, Passai or Patsai |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| R | ||
| Ran bu ho | Shadow boxing | |
| Randori | 乱捕り | Free practice |
| Rei | 礼 | Bow, etiquette, thanks, gratitude |
| Reigi | 礼儀 | Rituals of etiquette |
| Reigisahō | 礼儀作法 | Etiquette |
| Reigi no renshū | 礼儀の練習 | Learning to respect each other |
| Reihō | 礼法 | Etiquette, rules of etiquette |
| Reiki | 霊気 | Healing art by laying-on of hands |
| Reikishi | Geschiedenis | |
| Reisansoke | 礼三息 | "Three step breathing method," proper breathing during a bow |
| Reishiki | 礼式 | Etiquette |
| Ren | 錬 | Forge, temper, refine, polish, train |
| Rendaku | 連濁 | "Sequential voicing": voicing of the initial consonant of the non-intial portion of a compound or prefixed word. |
| Ren hanko | 連反攻 | Counter attack |
| Renkei waza | 連係技 | Connection techniques |
| Renkō | 錬功 | Skills acquired through hard training; feats of practice |
| Renko ho | Methods of immobilizing opponent by blocking or locking her/his arms | |
| Renma | 练磨 | Polishing, training |
| Renmei | 連盟 | Federation |
| Renoji dachi | レの字立 | L-shaped stance |
| Renraku waza | 連盟技 | Combination techniques |
| Rensei | Oefentoernooi / toernooi voor beginners / om ervaring op te doen | |
| Renshi | 錬士 | Title below kyōshi and hanshi |
| Renshū | 練習 | Practice, training |
| Rentai hō | 連体法 | Physical education, one of Kanō's three principles |
| Renzoku | 連続 | Continuous; without count (as in performing a kata) |
| Renzoku waza | 連続技 | Continuous techniques |
| Renzuki | 連突 | Multiple punches |
| Ri | 理 | Truth, principle, justice |
| Riai | 理合 | Harmony of principles |
| Ri ari | Root form of a technique | |
| Ri gi ittai | 理技一体 | Theory and practice as one |
| Rigyō kenbi | 理業兼備 | Exercise without thinking is useless |
| Riken | 裡拳 | Backfist, also uraken |
| Ritsudō | 律动 | Rhythm, feeling of rhythm |
| Ritsu rei | 立礼 | Standing bow; also tachi rei |
| Ritsuzen | 立禅 | Standing meditation |
| Rokkotsu | 肋骨 | Rib |
| Roku | 肋 | Rib |
| Roku | 六 | Six |
| Rokushakubō | 六勺 棒 | Long staff; six foot staff from Okinawa; also bō |
| Rōnin | 浪人 | Masterless samurai; literally, "wave men" Samurai zonder werkgever of leider (DAIMYO); werkte vaak in ruil voor voedsel en onderdak Om niet te verhongeren gingen vele Ronin als landwerker (boer) werken en verloren daarmee hun Samurai status |
| Rōshi | 廬至 | Title for a Zen master; lit "old teacher" or "venerable teacher" |
| Ryaku | 略 | Abbreviation, omission, shorten |
| Ryō | 両 | Both; two-handed |
| Ryoji | 療治 | Healing art |
| Ryō ken | Both fists | |
| Ryō ken koshi gamae | 両拳腰構え | Both fists at hips posture, as in Pinan Sandan; also ryō ken ryō koshi gamae 両拳両腰構え |
| Ryoku | 力 | Power; also chikara |
| Ryōmi | Intense, ongoing, critical reflection on the self | |
| Ryō shō jūji uke | 両掌十字受け | Two palm cross block |
| Ryō te | Both hands | |
| Ryō te dori | Met 2 handen, iedere hand pakt een hand van de tegenstander | |
| Ryō te kubitori | Met 2 handen, iedere hand pakt een pols van de tegenstander | |
| Ryū | 流 | School, style, literally "stream" |
| Ryū | 竜 or 龍 | Dragon |
| Ryūgi | 流技 | Lit "technique of the ryū"; method or style of technique; substyle |
| Ryūha | 流派 | Stream sect; branch school or system |
| Ryūtoken | 竜头拳 | Dragon head fist |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| S | ||
| Sa | 左 | Left also hidari |
| Sabaki | 捌き | Movement; handling; decisive movement; dynamics |
| Sabaki | 裁き | To judge |
| Sabi | 寂 | Solitariness or aloneness embraced and accepted; elegant simplicity; patina; an antique look |
| Sabi shiori | 寂栞 | Melancholy aloneness; the art of being alone |
| Sadō | 茶道 | The way of tea; also chadō |
| Sageo | 下緒 | Sword knot, cord used to secure a katana in the obi |
| Saguru | 探る | To probe or grope |
| Sahō | 左方 | Left direction |
| Sai | 釵 | Kobudō weapon; trident with long middle prong |
| Saibu | 細部 | Details |
| Saijutsu | 釵術 | Art of the sai |
| Saika tanden | 最下丹田 | Center of the body, energy focus point below navel |
| Saikeirei | 最敬礼 | Lit "most respectful bow"; kneeling bow with forehead touching the floor |
| Saiku | 細工 | Craftsmanship, work; tactics, trick |
| Saishu encho-sen | Verlengde finale (bij onbeslist) | |
| Sainō | 才能 | Inherent ability or latent talent |
| Sakki | 殺気 | Thirst for blood; killing mood; intuition or sensitivity to aggession from others |
| Sakotsu | 鎖骨 | Clavicle |
| Sakotsu uchi | 锁骨打ち | Clavicle strike |
| Sakotsu uchikomi | 锁骨打ち込み | Clavicle driving strike |
| Sakusen | 作戦 or 策戦 | Skill in strategy |
| Samurai | 侍 | Feudal Japanese professional warrior, class of bushi, literally, "One who serves" |
| Samegawa | 鮫皮 | Shark or ray skin used as a wrapping for a sword handle |
| -san | さん | Common Japanese honorific suffix; like "Mr." or "Ms.", but never used in reference to oneself |
| San | 三 | Three |
| Sanbon | Three times | |
| Sanbom kumite | Driestaps oefening basis sparren | |
| Sanbon shobu | 三本勝負 | Three point tournament match |
| Sanbon tsuki | 三本突き | Three consecutive punches, often as a combination of jōdan, chudan and gedan |
| Sanchin | 三戰 or 三進 or 参戦 | Karate kata; lit. "three battles" |
| Sanchin dachi | 三戦立 | Three battles stance; hourglass stance |
| Sanchin kitei | 三戰鍛たえ | Conditioning or striking the body in Sanchin kata; whole body conditioning |
| Sanchin shime | Testing conditioning and strength in Sanchin kata | |
| Sandan | Third | |
| Sankai sen | Third round | |
| Sankaku geri | Driehoektrap; een trap met wreef of scheen, tussen Mae Geri en Mawashi Geri in | |
| Sanmai | 三昧 | Self-effacement, concentration, absorption |
| Sankaku | 三角 | Triangle |
| Sanshu no Jingi | 三種の神器 | Three sacred treasures, the imperial regalia of Japan: the sword 草薙劍 (kushinagi) , the jewel 八尺瓊曲玉 (yasakani no magatama) and the mirror 八咫鏡 (yata no kagami) |
| Sasae | 支え | To prop up |
| Sasae hiji ate | 支肘当 | Supported elbow strike |
| Sasae uke | 支受け | Supported block |
| Sashiai | 差し合い | "Reciprocal interference"; less is more |
| Sashite | 差し手 | Raising of the hand to strike, grab or block |
| Satori | 悟り | Enlightenment |
| Satsui | 殺意 | Murderous intent |
| Satsujiga | 殺自我 | Killling the ego |
| Saya | 鞘 | Scabbard |
| Sayonara | 左様なら | Good bye |
| Sayū | 左右 | Left and right |
| Sayū barai uke | 左右払受 | Double lower block |
| Sayū uchi | 左右打ち | Left and right strike |
| Sayū uke | 左右受け | Left and right blocks; simultaneous, identical blocks with both arms |
| Sayū tsuki | 左右突 | Left and right punches; simultaneous, identical punches with both arms |
| Se | 背 | Back; back of body |
| Sebone | 背骨 | Thoracic spine or dorsal spine |
| Sei | 正 | Natural, true, correct, righteous |
| Sei | 性 | Character, nature, temperament, sex, gender; also shō |
| Sei | 誠 | Sincerity, a true heart, faithfulness, truth, fact |
| Sei | 誓 | Swear, oath, vow, promise |
| Sei | 軽 | Light, easy, insignificant, trifling, flippant |
| Sei chū dō | 静中動 | State in which the body appears to be still, but the mind is fully ready to respond; contrasted to dō chū sei |
| Sei chu sen | 正中線 | Median line; correct middle line, center line |
| Seigan | 誓願 | Oath, vow, pledge; vow training |
| Seigan | 正眼 | Natural step |
| Seigi | 正義 | Justice, right, righteousness, correct meaning |
| Seigyo | 制御 | Control |
| Seihōkei | 正方形 | Square |
| Seijitsu | 誠実 | Good faith, honest, faithful, truthful, sincere |
| Seikaku | 正確 | Accuracy, precision, exactitude; exact, precise, correct |
| Seikaku ni | 正確に | Properly |
| Seikan | 静観 | Calm, composed, observant temperament |
| Seika tanden | 臍下丹田 | Lower abdomen; center of the abdomen; lit "the red rice paddy below the navel" |
| Seiken | 正拳 | Front of fist or forefist |
| Seiken mawashi tsuki | 正拳回し突き | Roundhouse punch |
| Seiken tsuki | 正拳突き | Basic punch |
| Seiki | 正気 | Right spirit; true heart; true character; vital life force |
| Seikitsui | 脊椎 | Spine, vertebra |
| Seimo | Eye socket | |
| Seiretsu | 斉列 | Command to line up |
| Seiri | 整理 | Sorting, arrangement, adjustment, regulation |
| Seiri taisō | 整理体操 | Cool down exercises, exercises after class, "back to normal" exercises |
| Seishi | 誓詞 | Pledge by student upon joining a school, at one time made in blood |
| Seishin | 正心 | Proper mind; right spirit; spirit |
| Seishin ryoku | 精神力 | Spiritual/moral strength |
| Seishin shūyō | 精神修養 | Spritual cultivation, mental discipline |
| Seishin tanren | 精神鍛錬 | Spiritual forging |
| Seishitsu | 性質 | Nature, property, disposition |
| Seitei | 制定 | Establishment |
| Seitō | 正統 | Orthodox, legitimate, traditional |
| Seito | 生徒 | Student |
| Seiza | 正座 | Literally correct sitting”; also, 静坐, “still sitting”; act of kneeling into seiza is called chakuza |
| Seiza shite | Kniezit op volgorde van graad | |
| Sekai | 世界 | World |
| Sekai taitai | Wereldkampioen(schap) | |
| Sekiwan uke | 隻腕受け | Blocks with one arm |
| Sekizui | 脊髄 | Spinal column |
| Sekkotsu | 接骨 | Bone setting |
| Seme | Psychological pressure (on an opponent) | |
| Seme guchi | 攻め口 | "Attack mouth," an opening or vulnerability |
| Semete | 攻め手 | Attacker; offense, method of attack |
| Semete | 攻め手 | Pushing or pressing hand |
| Sempai | 先輩 | Senior; also senpai; cf kōhai |
| Sempai ni rei | Groet aan oudere, gevorderde, hoogst aanwezige leerling | |
| Sen | 先 | Initiative; the decisive moment when a killing action is initiated; point, tip, end; ahead, future; prior, previous |
| Senaka | 背中 | Back (body part) |
| Senbatsu taitai | Eliminatietoernooi | |
| Seni soshitsu | Ontbreken vechtlust | |
| Senjitsu no keiko tan to ii banjitsu no keiko rento yu | 千日の稽古を鍛とし 万日の稽古を練とす | "1000 days to forge the spirit, 10,000 to polish it" (Miyamoto Musashi) |
| Sen jutsu | 先術 | Tactics |
| Sen ken | "See first"; anticipate | |
| Sen no sen | 先の先 | Early advantage (tai no sen: direct; yu no sen: indirect) |
| Senpai | 先輩 | Senior; also sempai; cf kōhai |
| Senryaku | 戦略 | Strategy |
| Sensei | 先生 | Teacher, literally, “one who has gone before" |
| Sensei ni rei | 先生に礼 | Command to bow to the sensei |
| Sen sen no sen | 先々の先 | Highest form of initiative; taking control early; pre-emptive intiative |
| Sente | 先手 | Initiative; literally, "first hand" |
| Seoi | 背負 | Upper back or back of shoulders |
| Seppuku | 切腹 | Formal term for ritual suicide by disembowelment; more colloquially, hara kiri |
| Sesshin | 接心 or 摂心 or 攝心 | Lit "gathering the mind," intensive training, esp. in Zen |
| Sesshō | 殺生 | The destruction of life, cruelty, brutality |
| Sesshu rei | Type of bow | |
| Setsuzokku | 接続 | Fluidity and continuity |
| Sha | 者 | Person, e.g. bugeisha |
| Shajō | 射場 | Shooting hall, part of a kyūdōjō; other parts are the yamichi and matoba |
| Shakkei | 借景 | Lit "borrow or lend scene"; prinicple of incorporating the background landscape into a garden or architecture; older term is ikedori |
| Shakoken | 蝦古拳 | Open-handed palm strike |
| Shi | 四 | Four |
| Shi | 死 | Death |
| Shi | 士 | Expert; learned man; magnificent man, samurai |
| Shiai | 試合 | Competition |
| Shiai geiko | 試合-稽古 | Competition practice which may also be judged |
| Shiai jō | 試合場 | Place where competition takes place |
| Shiatsu | 指圧 | Japanese acupressure; finger massage |
| Shibu | 支部 | Branch, subdivision |
| Shibucho | 支部長 | Branch chief |
| Shibui | 渋い | Elegant |
| Shibui mono | 渋い物 | Elegant things |
| Shibumi | 渋味 or 下味 | Good taste, astringency, refinement, effortless perfection, elegant simplicity; poise |
| Shichi | 七 | Seven |
| Shidō | 士道 | Ethical system of the bushi; also bushidō 武士道; sometimes, "the way of the gentleman," as less radical than bushidō |
| Shidō | 指導 | Guidance, leadership |
| Shidō geiko | 指導稽古 | "Way person practice," learning by teaching |
| Shidōin | 指導員 | Assistant or intermediate level instructor; instructor of technical aspects of karate |
| Shidōsha | 指導者 | Leader; assistant instructor |
| Shidōshi | 指導士 | Teacher of the warrior way |
| Shihan | 師範 | Teacher of teachers |
| Shihan dai | 師範代 | Assistant instructor |
| Shihanke | 師範家 | Family instructor. Actual teacher, as distinguished from the sōke, who may be a non-teaching hereditary leader for a ryū |
| Shihan ni rei | Groeten aan de meester leraar (buiging naar de meester / hogere leraar ) | |
| Shihō | 四方 | Four directions |
| Shihon nukite | 四本貫手 | Four finger spear hand |
| Shihon nukite chūdan tate tsuki | 四本中段縦突き | Middle level vertical spear hand, as in Pinan Nidan and Sandan |
| Shikaku | 四角 or 死角 or 刺客 | Square; "Dead corner," blind spot, vulnerable angle; Assassin, killer, slayer, hit man, stabber |
| Shikanken | 指環拳 | Strike with the second knuckles of the hand |
| Shiken | 試験 | Examination, test, study, trial |
| Shiken rei | 指建礼 | Formal kneeling bow in the presence of kōhai; also shiken rei |
| Shiken zarei | 指建座礼 | Formal kneeling bow in the presence of kōhai; also shiken rei |
| Shiki | 士気 or 式 or 指揮 or 私記 | Fighting spirit, morale; Ceremony, form, style; Command; Private record |
| Shikin haramitsu dai ko myō | "In every instance there is the possibility of enlightenment" | |
| Shik-kaku | Diskwalificatie, onsportief gedrag | |
| Shiko dachi | 四股立 | Square stance; sometimes called horse stance |
| Shime | 絞め | Choke; strangle (shime) |
| Shimoseki | 下席 | Lower seat of the dōjō, where students line up facing teachers |
| Shimoza | 下座 | Lower place of honor, to left of shinzen |
| Shin | 心 or 神 or 身 or 真 | Heart, will, mind, spirit; also, kokoro; God, spirit, supernatural being, kami; Body, self; also mi; Real, actual, true, authentic, genuine, also makoto |
| Shinai | 竹刀 | Bamboo sword used in kendō |
| Shinayaka | 柔軟 | Soft, pliable, flexible, supple, elastic, pliant, lithe |
| Shinden | 神殿 | Temple or sacred place; the most sacred building in a Shintō shrine (also honden 本殿 "main building) |
| Shingan | 心眼 | Rooted in Zen philosophy, it means "mind’s eye" or "heart's eye," and refers to the ability to sense an opponent's thoughts or feelings via an inner sense. |
| Shingi | 心技 | Spirit and technique |
| Shin gi tai | 心技体 | Spirit, technique and body |
| Shin gi tai ichi | 心技体一 | Spirit, technique and body as one |
| Shinjin Ichinyo | 心身一如 | Oneness of body and mind |
| Shinjutsu | 鍼術 | Acupuncture; also harijutsu |
| Shinkei | 神経 | Nerve (body part) |
| Shinken shōbu kumite | 真剣勝負組手 | Full contact Kyokushinkai knockdown tournament allowing normally prohibited punches to the face (with light gloves) |
| Shin ki ryoku itchi | 心気力ー致 | Unity of mind, spirit and technique |
| Shinkū | 真空 | Vacuum, emptiness, void, hollow |
| Shinkū musō | 真空無想 | Emptiness of no mind; serene, untroubled mental and spiritual place (kyūdō); true emptiness without chracteristics (Zen painting) |
| Shinkyokū | 深呼吸 | Deep breathing, final junbi undō (warm-up exercise) |
| Shinobu | 忍ぶ | To endure; to conceal oneself, to hide |
| Shinpai | 心配 | Anxiety, worry, concern, care |
| Shinpan (-in) | Scheidsrechter / jurylid | |
| Shinri | 心理 | Mental state, psychology |
| Shinsa | 審査 | Grading or examination |
| Shinshin | 心身 | Mind and body; Stopped or fixed mind; mind open to attack |
| Shinshin to itsu | 心身統一 | Unification of mind and body |
| Shinshin shūgyō | 心身修行 | Mind and body training |
| Shintai | 身体 or 神体 or 進退 | Human body; Divine body; Movement; course of action; advance or retreat |
| Shintai sōsa | 身体操作 | Proper body mechanics |
| Shintaidō | 新体道 | "New body way," a body movement art derived from karate-dō |
| Shintō | 神道 | "The way of the Gods"; ancient religion of Japan |
| Shinyō | 信用 | Trust, confidence, faith, belief |
| Shinza | 神座 | Spirit seat; also, kamiza |
| Shinza ni rei | 神座に礼 | Command to bow towards the shrine |
| Shinzen | 神前 | Altar or shrine |
| Shinzen ni rei | 神前に礼 | Command to bow towards the shrine |
| Shinzō | 心臓 | Heart (organ) |
| Shiri | 尻 | Buttocks, hips |
| Shiro | 城 | Castle |
| Shiro or Shiroi | 白 or 白い | White; also haku , byaku |
| Shiro no kachi | Wit heeft gewonnen (dit roept meestal de scheidsrechter) | |
| Shisei | 至誠 or 姿勢 | Sincerity, devotion; Posture, attitude |
| Shiseidō | 資生堂 | The way of femininity |
| Shishō | 師匠 | Martial arts instructor |
| Shiso | 始祖 | Founder or originator |
| Shita | 下 | Under, below, beneath, inferior ; also ge |
| Shitabaki | 下履き | Pants; underpants; outdoor shoes |
| Shita kara | 下から | From below |
| Shita tsuki | 下突き or 振突 | Uppercut |
| Shite | 仕手 | Person responding to an attack by the uke; also tori or nage |
| Shitei | 師弟 | Relationship of teacher and student |
| Shitei waza | 指定技 | Set form in grading or competition |
| Shitōken | 指刀拳 | Thumb tip strike; also bōshiken |
| Shitsu | 膝 | Knee |
| Shitsu kansetsu | 膝関節 | Knee joint |
| Shitsuga | Natural talent or abilities which cannot be taught | |
| Shitsuken | 膝腱 | Hamstring |
| Shizen | 自然 | Nature; natural or spontaneous |
| Shizen hontai | 自然本体 | Natural posture; also shizentai |
| Shizen tai | 自然体 | “Natural body stance”; natural stance, hachiji dachi; also shizenhontai |
| Shizentai dachi | 自然体立 | Same as shizentai |
| Shizen tai hidari or migi | Natuurlijke stand met linker en rechter been voor | |
| Shizen teki | 自然的 | Naturalness and reverence for nature |
| Shizoku | 死側 | Dead side; vulnerable angle, usually the "outside" flank; |
| Shizoku | 士族 | Warriors, samurai |
| Sho | 初 or 暑 or 小 | First or new; Hot; Minor, little or small |
| Shō | 掌 | Palm |
| Shōbu | 勝負 | Victory or defeat; match, contest, game, bout ; cf shinken shōbu, a contest with real swords or life-and-death combat |
| Shobu kumite | (ippon of sanbon) 1 puntsgevecht (ippon) of drie puntsgevecht (sanbon) | |
| Shochū geiko | 暑中 稽古 | Midsummer training |
| Shodai | 初代 | Founder, first generation |
| Shodō | 書道 | The way of the brush (calligraphy) |
| Shodōka | 書道家 | Exponent of shodō |
| Shofu | Kyūsho, side of neck; also dokosen | |
| Shogi | 将棋 | Japanese chess |
| Shōgun | 将軍 | Absolute military leader in feudal Japan |
| Shōjiki | 正直 | Honesty; straight from the heart |
| Shōkai | 紹介 | Letter of introduction |
| Shōkaijō | 紹介状 | Letter of introduction |
| Shomen | 正面 | Front |
| Shomen geri | 正面蹴り | Front kick |
| Shomen ni rei | Buiging / buig naar voren | |
| Shō osae uke | 掌押え受け | Pressing block with palm, as executed with tate nukite in Pinan Nidan and Sandan |
| Shōsei | 勝 声 | "Victorious voice"; type of kiai |
| Shoshin | 初心 | Beginner's mind; also, nyuanshin |
| Shoshinsha | 初心者 | Beginner |
| Shōtei | 掌底 | Palm heel; also teisho |
| Shotei uchi | Slag met open handpalm | |
| Shotei uke | Afwering met open handpalm | |
| Shubaku | 手白 | Unarmed close combat |
| Shubō | 手棒 | Forearm, lit "arm stick"; also wantō |
| Shūchū | 集中 | Concentration |
| Shūchū ryoku | 集中力 | Power of concentration |
| Shūgeki | 襲撃 | Attack, charge, raid |
| Shugo | 守護 | Protection or safeguard |
| Shūgō | 集合 | Command to line up or come together for instruction |
| Shūgyō | 修業 | The pursuit of knowledge; cultivation of the mind and spirit |
| Shūgyōsha | 修行者 | One practicing shūgyō; notable examples: Ōyama Masutatsu and Ueshiba Morihei; one who trains diligently |
| Shuhai | 手背 | Back of hand |
| Shu Ha Ri | 守 破 離 | Japanese martial art concept which describes the stages of learning to mastery: Shu (守) "protect", "obey"—traditional wisdom—learning fundamentals, techniques, heuristics, proverbs Ha (破) "detach", "digress"—breaking with tradition—detachment from the illusions of self Ri (離) "leave", "separate"—transcendence—there are no techniques or proverbs, all moves are natural, becoming one with spirit alone without clinging to forms; transcending the physical |
| Shukō | 手甲 | Back of hand; also haishu 背手 |
| Shūkyō | 宗教 | Spiritual life; religion; faith |
| Shūren | 修練 | Training, discipline, drill; also tanren |
| Shuri te | 首里手 | Okinawan karate practiced in the village of Shuri. |
| Shusha | 守者 | Defender, cf. kosha 攻者, attacker |
| Shūshi | 修士 | Master |
| Shūshin | 修身 | Ethics, training, morals |
| Shushin | Scheidsrechter | |
| Shushin ni rei | Groet / buiging naar scheidsrechter | |
| Shuso | 宗祖 | Founder or originator; cf shiso |
| Shutō | 手刀 | Knife or sword hand; also tegatana; also 外手 |
| Shutō age uke | 手刀揚げ受け | Rising knife hand block |
| Shutō teisho uke | 手刀底掌受け | Knife hand palm heel block |
| Shutō uchi | 手刀打ち | Knife hand strike |
| Shutō uke | 手刀受け | Knife hand block |
| Shutsui | 手槌 | Hammerfist, lit "hand hammer," also tettsui or kentsui |
| Sōchin dachi | 壮鎮立ち | Rooted stance Onbeweeglijke stand |
| Sode | 袖 | Sleeve |
| Sodeguchi | 袖口 | Cuff or wristband |
| Sōden | 相伝 | Inherited teachings |
| Sōdensho | 相伝書 | Book or scroll of inherited teachings |
| Sōgō | 総合 | Comprehensive or composite |
| Sōgō budō | 総合武道 | Comprehensive or composite martial way, practicing several arts or weapons |
| Sōgō bujutsu | 総合武術 | Comprehensive or composite martial art, practicing several arts or weapons |
| Sōgō kakutōgi | 総合格闘技 | Mixed martial arts |
| Sōhei | 僧兵 | Buddhist warrior monks |
| Sōji | 掃除 | Cleaning the dōjō; cleaning, sweeping, dusting, scrubbing, mopping |
| Sōke | 宗家 | Headmaster of a style (need not be the founder) |
| Soku | 足 | Foot; also ashi |
| Soku | 速 or 側 | Fast, quick, speed, velocity; Side, neighbourhood, vicinity, proximity |
| Sokudo | 速道 | Speed |
| Sokuhai | 足背 | Instep, top (back) of foot |
| Sokumen | 側面 | Side, flank, aspect |
| Sokushinza | 足心坐 | Seiza with the feet crossed |
| Sokusō | 足爪 | Tips of toes |
| Sokutei | 足底 | Sole of foot or bottom of heel |
| Sokutei mawashi uke | 足底回し受け | Roundhouse sole block |
| Sokutō | 足刀 | "Foot sword," outer edge of foot; abbreviation of sokutō geri, side kick |
| Sokutō geri | 足刀蹴り | Side kick |
| Sokuyakuken | 足躍拳 | Strike using the heel of the foot |
| Sonkei | 尊敬 | Respect |
| Sonkyo | 蹲踞 | Traditional start to a fight or drill, kneeling or squatting (kendo) |
| Sorashi | Feint | |
| Sōsai | 総裁 | President or director-general; title given to Ōyama Masutatsu, founder of Kyokushinkai karate |
| Sōshu rei | 双手礼 | Basic everyday bow in Japan |
| Sōtai renshū | 相対練習 | Partner practice |
| Soto | 外 | Outside; outer; also gai |
| Soto furi uchi | 外振り打ち | Outward swinging strike |
| Soto hachiji dachi | 外八字立 | Hachiji dachi (natural stance) with toes pointed outward |
| Soto kote | 外小手 | Outside of forearm |
| Soto sune uke | Scheenbeenblok van buiten naar binnen | |
| Soto ude uke | Afweer binnenkant voorarm | |
| Soto uke | 外受け | Outer block |
| Suburi | 素振り | Repetitive solo practice with bō or bokken |
| Sudōri | 素通り | Momentum; passing through without stopping |
| Suhada bujutsu | 素肌武術 | Lit "naked martial arts," techniques done in street clothes |
| Suibokuga | 水墨画 | Ink painting; also sumi-e |
| Suigetsu | 水月 | Solar plexus, lit. "water moon" |
| Suji | 筋 | Line of muscle or nerve |
| Sujikabuto | 筋兜 | Armored helmet, lit "ribbed helmet" |
| Sūjiku | 枢軸 | Axis or pivot |
| Sukima | 隙間 or 透き間 | An opening or gap in kamae 構え |
| Sukoshi | 少し | A little |
| Sukui | 救い | Help, aid, relief |
| Sukui uke | 掬い受け | Scooping block |
| Sumi | 隅 | Corner |
| Sumi | 墨 | Ink, ink stick |
| Sumi-e | 墨絵 | Ink painting; also suibokuga 水墨画 |
| Sumimasen | 済みません | "Excuse me"; "I'm sorry" |
| Sumō | 相撲 | Japanese wrestling |
| Sunao | 素直 | Obedient, meek, unaffected, honest, frank; sometimes used in respect to a simple and direct bunkai |
| Sun dome | 寸止め | To arrest a technique just before contact with a target |
| Sune | 胫 or 脛 | Shin |
| Sune uke | Blok met het scheenbeen | |
| Suri ashi | 摺り足 | Gliding movement beginning with forefoot |
| Suso | 裾 | Hem, bottom or skirt of a uniform |
| Susuharai | 煤払い | Traditional Japanese end-of-the-year cleaning, as in a dōjō |
| Suwari | 座り | Sit |
| Suwari taiso | 座り体操 | Sitting exercises; seated stretching |
| Suwari waza | 座り技 | Seated technique |
| Suwatte | 座って | Command to sit or kneel |
| Suwatte kudasai | 座ってください | Request to sit down |
| Back to Top | ||
| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| T | ||
| Tabudō geiko | 他武道稽古 | Practicing other martial arts |
| Tachi | 太刀 | Sword |
| Tachi (also Dachi) | 立 | Stance |
| Tachi kata | Vorm(en) van standen | |
| Tachi rei | 立礼 | Standing bow, also ritsu rei |
| Tachi waza | Verzamelnaam voor alle standen | |
| Tadashi katachi | 正し形 | Correct form |
| Tai | 体 | Body |
| Tai atari | Lichamelijk contact | |
| Tai chikara | 体力 | Using external muscle power |
| Tai jiquan | 太极拳 | One of the three most well-known styles of internal kung fu; also, tai chi chuan. (Chinese) |
| Tai ji tu | 太极图 | The diagram of yin and yang |
| Tai ju | Gewicht | |
| Tai ju hantei | Beslissing door gewicht (lichtste persoon wint) | |
| Tai jutsu | 体術 | Art of unarmed combat; lit "body skill" or "body art"; another name for jūjutsu |
| Tai kai | Toernooi | |
| Tai kai | Samenkomst / samenkomen / grote ontmoeting. Een sociaal gebeuren, zoals tijdens een seminar, toernooi of zomerkamp | |
| Tai ken no hokyō undō | 体幹の補強運動 | Core training |
| Tai ki bansei | 大器晩成 | "Great talents mature late," "To achieve greatness late in life" |
| Tai kiken | 太気拳 | "Great energy boxing," Japanese version of kung fu founded by Sawai Kenichi; also Taiki shisei kempō |
| Tai ki shisei kempō | 太気至誠拳法 | Japanese version of kung fu founded by Sawai Kenichi; also Taiki-ken |
| Tai ko | Ceremoniïele drum die in Japan wordt gebruikt bij openingceremonies van toernooien en in Dojos voor de training. Er zijn ook Taiko (muziek) demonstraties | |
| Tai ko | Oog in oog staan met een tegenstander | |
| Tai kyoku | 太極 | "First cause," karate kata |
| Tai nin | 体認 | Body recognition |
| Tai no sen | 待の先 | To wait for the initiative |
| Tai no shinsuku | Physical expansion and contraction, as in kata | |
| Tai o mae ni taosu undō | 体を前に倒す運動 | Waist scoop, junbi undō (warm-up exercise) |
| Tai ra | 平 | Family of warriors; enemies of the Minamoto 源 |
| Tai ryō | 体量 | Body weight |
| Tai ryoku | 体力 | Physical strength |
| Tai sabaki | 体捌き | Body movement, body shifting, body turning |
| Tai sō | 体操 | Calisthenics, exercises, gymnastics |
| Tai toku | 体得 | Body realization; mastery, knack, realization, experience, comprehension |
| Take ori | Breken van een vinger | |
| Taketa | Scheidsrechter commando om vechtenden te scheiden | |
| Taki | 滝 | Waterfall |
| Takuan Sōhō (1573 - 1645) | 沢庵 宗彭 | Zen priest who influenced kendō |
| Tamashii | 魂 | Soul or spirit |
| Tameshigiri | 試し切り | Test cutting with a sword |
| Tameshi waza | Breektechnieken | |
| Tameshiwari | 試し割り | Breaking, as in a demonstration of breaking boards or bricks |
| Tan | 胆 | Gallbladder; spirit |
| Tan | 鍛 | Forge, temper, train, drill, [instill] discipline |
| Tanden | 丹田 | Abdomen below the navel; center of balance of the body; in Chinese, dantian |
| Tandoku renshū | 単独練習 | Solo practice |
| Tanin geiko | 他人稽古 | Practicing with multiple attackers |
| Tanren | 鍛練 | Training, as process of forging |
| Tanshiki kumite | Sparring met (door de instructeur bepaalde) gelimiteerde technieken; zoals sparring zonder low kicks of zonder trappen naar het hoofd of uitsluitend traptechnieken (zonder stoten vechten) | |
| Tare | 垂れ | Hanging; skirts of bōgu or coat |
| Taryū jiai | 他流試合 | Challenge match between practitioners of different styles |
| Tatami | 畳 | Floor mat |
| Tate | 縦 | Vertical, standing or upright |
| Tate empi | 縦猿臂 | Vertical (uppercut) elbow |
| Tate hiza | 立膝 | Battlefield sitting posture |
| Tateken | 縦拳 | Standing fist |
| Tateki | Meerdere aanvallers | |
| Tateki geiko | 干城稽古 | Practice with multiple attackers |
| Tateki uchi | 干城 打ち | Fighting with multiple attackers |
| Tate kote ori | 縦小手折 | Vertical wrist break |
| Tate Kudasai | Verzoek om te gaan staan; sta rechtop alsjeblieft | |
| Tate mae | 縦前 | Vertical front, facade; keeping a poker face |
| Tate nukite | 縦貫手 | Vertical spear hand |
| Tate shakai | 縦社会 | Vertical society; system of relationships such as sempai/kohai |
| Tate shutō uke | 縦手刀受 | Vertical sword hand block |
| Tate tsuki | Korte stoot waarbij de vuist vertikaal staat (duimzijde omhoog en pinkzijde omlaag) | |
| Tate uke | Afweer met rechte handkant | |
| Tate uraken uchi | 縦裏拳打 | Vertical backfist strike |
| Tate tsuki | 縦突き | Vertical punch (punch with vertical or standing fist) |
| Tatshu | Opstaan na meditatie | |
| Tatte | 立って | "Stand up" (command) |
| Tawara | 俵 | Rice bale |
| Te | 手 | Hand; the indigenous martial art of Okinawa (also ti) |
| Teep | ถีบ | Lit "foot jab," push kick with front leg |
| Tegatana | 手刀 | Hand sword; also shutō |
| Teiji dachi | 丁字立ち | "T stance," with the front foot at right angles to and aligned with the middle of the back foot, cf. renoji dachi |
| Teishō | 底掌 | Palm heel; palm heel strike |
| Teishō ate | 底掌当 | Palm heel strike |
| Teishō awase uke | 底掌合せ受 | Combined palm heel block |
| Teishō otoshi | 底掌落 | Palm heel drop |
| Teishō uchi | 底掌打ち | Palm heel strike |
| Teishō uke | 底掌受 | Palm heel block |
| Teisoku | 低足 | Arch of foot or sole of foot |
| Teisoku osae uke | 低足押え受け | Sole of the foot pressing block |
| Teki | 敵 | Opponent |
| Tekki | 鉄騎 | “Iron Horse,” karate kata series (shodan, nidan, sandan) |
| Tekubi | 手首 | Wrist; lit "neck of the hand" |
| Tekubikossetsu | 手首骨折 | Fractured wrist |
| Tekubi undo | 手首運動 | Wrist exercises |
| Tembun jutsu | 天文術 | Weather forecasting |
| Ten | 天 | Heaven; in Chinese, tian tang 天堂 |
| Tenchi | 天地 | Heaven and earth |
| Tendo | Atemi point on the top of the head, at the frontal coronal suture; also tento | |
| Tenegui | 手拭い | Small hand cloth used by kendōka under their helmets to absorb sweat; also tenugui, men-tenegui or hachimaki |
| Tenkai | 転回 | Pivoting 180 degrees on balls of feet |
| Tenkan | 転換 | Pivoting 180 degrees by moving one foot behind the other |
| Te no hira | 手の平 | Palm of the hand |
| Te no yubi | 手の指 | Finger; also yubi |
| Tenshin | 転進 | Sideward body shifting |
| Tenshin | 転身 | Pivot or sweeping body turn |
| Tenshin happō | 転身八方 | "Movements in eight directions" |
| Tenshō | "Fluid or rolling hand," karate kata credited to Miyagi Chojun | |
| Tensho kata | Ontwikkeld door Chojun Miyagi, uit Naha op Okinawa, grondlegger Goju Karatestijl | |
| Tento | Atemi point on the top of the head, at the frontal coronal suture; also tendo | |
| Tentori shiai | Toernooi waar men bij verlies direct is uitgeschakeld (knock-out system) | |
| Tenugui | 手拭い | Small hand cloth used by kendōka under their helmets to absorb sweat; also tenegui, men-tenegui or hachimaki |
| Te osae uke | 手押え受 | Pressing hand block |
| Tesaki | 手先 | Fingertips |
| Tessen | 鉄扇 | War fan |
| Tessen jutsu | 鉄扇術 | Art of using the war fan |
| Tetsudai | 手伝い | Assistant, helper, help |
| Tettsui | 鉄槌 | Hammerfist |
| Tettsui uchi | 鉄槌打ち | Hammerfist strike |
| Te waza | Verzamelnaam voor handtechnieken | |
| Teura | 手裏 | Inside of wrist |
| Tobi | 飛び | Flying |
| Tobi geri | 飛び蹴 | Flying or jumping kick |
| Tobi kaiten | Sprong met rol, soort salto voorover | |
| Tobi kata | Sprong methode | |
| Tobi maegeri | 飛び前蹴 | Jumping front kick |
| Tobi yokogeri | 飛び横蹴 | Flying side kick |
| Tōde | 唐手 | Precursor to karate, "China hand"; also tōdi, tōte or toudi |
| Tōdejutsu | 唐手術 | Same as Tode. Jutsu means art or technique(s) |
| Tōdi | 唐手 | "Tang hand" or "China hand"; Okinawan precursor to karate; also also tōde, tōdi, tōteor Okinawa-te |
| Togeidō | 陶芸道 | The Japanese way of pottery |
| Tōhō | 刀锋 | Sword peak hand |
| Tok | Kruisbescherming | |
| Tōkotsu | 橈骨 | Radius (arm bone) |
| Tōkiryō | 登記料 | Registration fee |
| Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) | 徳川 家康 | Shōgun |
| Tokui | 得意 | Favorite |
| Tokui kata | 得意形 | Favorite or chosen kata |
| Tokui waza | 得意技 | Favorite technique |
| Tokkun | 特訓 | Intensive or special training |
| Tōkyō | 東京 | Capital city of Japan |
| Tōma | 遠間 | Long range interval between opponents; one of three ranges of maai in kendō |
| Tome te | De hand die aanvallende techniek(en) afstopt | |
| Tomoe | Cirkelvormig, circulair | |
| Tonfa | トンファー | Kobudō weapon Traditioneel Japans wapen met origine Okinawa; ooit werkmansgereedschap; gebruikt in Budo, Kobudo en Kojutsu; wordt meestal in paren gebruikt |
| Tonosama gei | 殿様芸 | Dilettantism, amateurism |
| Tonosama keiko | 殿様稽古 | Dilettante practice; practice by those who intellectualize instead of working with the body |
| Tora | 虎 | Tiger |
| Toranai | Commando van scheidsrechter om aan te geven date r geen punt is gescoord | |
| Tori | 鳥 | Bird |
| Torimasen | Techniek te zwak | |
| Tōrō | 螳螂 | Praying mantis, a Japanese symbol of courage and cunning, and a harbinger of good fortune; also kamakiri or ōkamakiri mushi |
| Tōshi | 闘志 | Fighting spirit, the will to fight |
| Toshu no bu | 徒手の武 | Barehanded (weaponless) attack |
| Tsuchi fumazu | 土踏まず | Arch of the foot |
| Tsugi ashi | 次ぎ足 | Stutter step, move back foot even with front, then step forward with front (type of tai sabaki) |
| Tsuka | 柄 | Hilt, handgrip, handle; authority |
| Tsuka maki | 柄巻 | Wrapping the tsuka, the handle of a sword |
| Tsukene | 付け根 | Root, joint, base, crotch or groin |
| Tsuki | 月 | Moon |
| Tsuki | 突 | Thrust or punch |
| Tsuki age | 突 | Opwaartse stoot |
| Tsukinami shaia | Maandelijkse dojo kampioenschap / wedstrijd | |
| Tsuki no sen geiko, tsuki no sen seikō | 突きの千稽古 突きの千性交 | "A thousand thrusts in martial arts practice and a thousand thrusts in making love are the ingredients for making an individual of character.” |
| Tsuki no kokoro | 月の心 | Mind like the moon |
| Tsuki uchi | 突き打ち | Strike to throat |
| Tsukite hajime | Wedstrijd hervatten | |
| Tsuki uke | 突受け | Blok door middel van een stoottechniek |
| Tsuki waza | 突技 | Verzamelnaam voor alle (vereiste) stoottechnieken |
| Tsukuri | 作り | Construction; makeup |
| Tsuma | Teen / tenen | |
| Tsumasaki | 爪先 | Toe; tip of toe |
| Tsume | 爪 | Nail (body part) |
| Tsunagari | 繋がり | Connection, link, relationship (between techniques) |
| Tsune | 常 | Training as a “daily habit" |
| Tsuri komi ashi | 钓进足 | Step across, two steps forward or backward, type of tai sabaki |
| Tsuri te | 吊手 | Lifting hand |
| Tsuru | 弦 | Bowstring; string that holds the shinai together; string |
| Tsuru | 鶴 | Crane |
| Tsuru ashi | Kruisstap verplaatsing | |
| Tsuru ashi dachi | 鶴足立 | Stance with one foot hooked behind the other knee |
| Tsuru dachi | 鶴立 | Crane stance |
| Tsutomureba kanrazu tassu | "If there is effort, there is always accomplishment" | |
| Tsutsushimi | 慎み | Restraint, care, discretion, modesty; propriety, circumspect and careful observance of rules |
| Tsuwamono | 兵 | Soldier; man of courage; strong person |
| Tsuyoi | 強い | Strong |
| Tsuyoki | 強気 | Firm, strong |
| Tsuzukette | Scheidsrechters commando om door te vechten | |
| Tsusukette hajime | Scheidsrechters commando om te starten met vechten | |
| Tuishou | 推手 | "Pushing hands" exercises of internal kung fu |
| Turigane | Testikels | |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| U | ||
| U | 右 | Right; also migi |
| Uchi | 打ち | Strike |
| Uchi | 内 | Inside |
| Uchi deshi | 内弟子 | Live-in or inner student |
| Uchi hachiji dachi | 内八字立 | Hachiji dachi with toes pointed inward |
| Uchi komi | Het veelvuldig herhalen van technieken (met partner) | |
| Uchi komi geiko | 内込稽古 | Partner practice with an advanced student or teacher |
| Uchi kote | Binnenkant voorarm | |
| Uchi ma | De afstand waarbij je met 1 enkele stap op stootafstand komt | |
| Uchi mawashigeri | 内回し蹴り | Inner roundhouse kick |
| Uchi mikazuki geri | Naar binnen cirkelende trap met onderkant voet / voetzool | |
| Uchi otoshi | Vallende / neerwaartse slag | |
| Uchi sune uke | Scheenbeenblok van binnen naar buiten | |
| Uchina | 沖縄 | Okinawa |
| Uchinan | Native Okinawan name for Okinawa | |
| Uchi te | 打手 | Striking hand; the attacker |
| Uchi ude | 內腕 | Inside of forearm |
| Uchi ude uke | 內腕受け | Inner forearm block |
| Uchi uke | 內受け | Inner block |
| Uchi waza | 打技 | Striking techniques |
| Ude | 腕 | Arm or forearm |
| Ude kansetsu | 腕関節 | Arm joint |
| Ude o mae yoko shita ni nobasu undō | 腕を前横下に伸ばす運動 | Double arm thrusting, junbi undō (warm-up exercise) |
| Ude uke | 腕受け | Forearm block |
| Uhō | 右方 | Right direction |
| Ueshiba Morihei (1883-1969) | 植芝 盛平 | Founder of aikidō |
| Uke | 受け | Block; receiving; the receiver of a technique |
| Uke kaeshi | Blok / wering met tegenaanval | |
| Uke waza | 受け技 | Techniques of receiving |
| Ukemi | 受身 | Literally, “receiving body”; breakfall |
| Undō | 運動 | Exercise |
| Unsoku | 運足 | Stepping, as in from one stance to another |
| Unsu | Handen in de wolken | |
| Ura | 裏 | Backward direction or in the rear side of the opponent |
| Uraken | 裏拳 | Backfist |
| Uraken uke | 裏拳受け | Backfist block |
| Ura mawashigeri | 裏回し蹴り | Reverse roundhouse kick |
| Ura shutō | 裏手刀 | Reverse sword hand |
| Ura uchi | 裏打ち | Reverse strike |
| Ura uke | Blok van achterste hand | |
| Ura tsuki | 裏突き | Close punch, bodyshot |
| Ushiro | 後ろ | Rear |
| Ushiro age tsuki | 後ろ肋突き | Reverse upward punch |
| Ushiro ashi geri | 後ろ足蹴り | Kick with the back foot |
| Ushiro denko | Ribbenkast aan achterzijde van het lichaam | |
| Ushiro empi uchi | 後ろ肘打ち | Back elbow strike |
| Ushiro geri | 後ろ蹴り | Back kick |
| Ushiro geri keage | 後ろ蹴り蹴上げ | Back snap kick |
| Ushiro geri kekomi | 後ろ蹴り蹴込み | Back thrust kick |
| Ushiro kakato | 後ろ踵 | Back of the heel |
| Ushiro mawashigeri | 後ろ回し蹴り | Reverse roundhouse kick, hook kick |
| Ushiro oshi | 後押 | Rear push |
| Ushiro tekubi | 後ろ手首 | Back of wrist |
| Ushiro tobi geri | 後ろ飛び蹴り | Flying back kick |
| Ushiro waza | 後ろ技 | Rear techniques |
| Ushiro tsuki | 後ろ突 | Rear thrust (stick technique); rear punch |
| Uto | De brug van de neus / het neusbotje | |
| Utsuri | Wisselen / veranderen | |
| Utsuroi | 移ろい? | Ephemerality, like the reflection in a mirror |
| Utsuwa | 器 | Capacity |
| Utsuwa ga ooki | 器が大きい | Be of high caliber, big-hearted, magnanimous |
| Uye | 上 | Up; also ue |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| W | ||
| Wa | 和 | Accord or harmony |
| Wa | 輪 | Circle, wheel, ring, loop |
| Wado ryu | De weg van de harmonie (of vrede). In 1939 door Ohtsuka Hidenori opgerichte Karatestijl. Ohtsuka was, net als Mas Oyama, ooit Karateleerling onder Funakoshi Gichin, de oprichter van de Shotokan stijl | |
| Wakarimasu ka | 分かりますか | "Do you understand?" |
| Waka sensei | 若先生 | Young master; son of the headmaster or founder |
| Wakai | 若い | Young, green, inexperienced, immature |
| Waki | 脇 | Ribs, armpit, side, side kamae |
| Waki kage | 脇影 | Armpit |
| Waki no shita | 脇の下 | Armpit |
| Wan | 腕 | Arm; also ude or zenwan |
| Wan ryoku | 腕力 | Brute strength, physical strength, muscular power, force; cf seishin ryoku |
| Wantō | 腕刀 | Forearm, lit "arm sword," also shubō, "arm stick" |
| Wan uke | 腕受け | Arm block |
| Washide | Arendshand (klauw) | |
| Waza | 技 | Technique; also gi |
| Waza ari | 技有 | Half point; literally, "Almost a point" |
| Waza ari awasete ipon | Woorden waarmee de scheidsrechter aangeeft dat ippon is gescoord door voor de 2e keer een Wazari te scoren | |
| Waza geiko | 技-稽古 | Practice in which the student learns and refines technique with a receiving partner |
| Back to Top | ||
| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| Y | ||
| Ya | 矢 | Arrow |
| Yagai geiko | 野外稽古 | Practice outdoors in nature |
| Yajiri | 砮 or 鏃 | Arrowhead |
| Yajiri kabuyara | 鏑 | Barb of an arrow; head of a javelin |
| Yakusō | 薬草 | Medicinal herbs and their usage |
| Yakusoku keiko | 約束稽古 | Prearranged training |
| Yakusoku kumite | 約束組手 | Prearranged sparring in karate-dō |
| Yama | 山 | Mountain |
| Yama bushi | 山武士 | Japanese ascetic mountain hermit |
| Yamadera | 山寺 | Mountain temple |
| Yamaji uke | 山字受け | Mountain form block |
| Yamato damashii | 大和魂 | Japanese fighting spirit |
| Yama tsuki | 山突き | Mountain punch |
| Yama uke | 山受け | Mountain block |
| Yame | 止め | Command: "Finish/complete your movement" |
| Yang shi taijiquan | 楊氏太極拳 | Yang style tai chi chu'an |
| Yari | 槍 | Spear |
| Yari jutsu | 槍術 | Art of the spear; also sōjutsu 槍術 |
| Yasumi | 休み | Command to rest or relax |
| Yo | 陽 | Yang; cf. in 陰 (yin) |
| Yohon nukite | 四本贯手 | Four-fingered spear hand |
| Yōi | 用意 | Ready. Yo means 'work', I means "will' or 'intention' |
| Yo ibuki | 陽息吹 | Hard aggressive breathing (yo=yang of yin/yang) |
| Yōi dachi | 用意立ち | Ready stance |
| Yōjō | 養生 | Hygeine; health care; recuperation |
| Yōjō gi | 養生技 | Techniques for healing |
| Yoko | 横 | Side |
| Yoko dachi | 横立ち | Side stance |
| Yoko empi | Zijwaarts gerichte elleboogstoot | |
| Yoko empi uchi | 横肘打ち | Side elbow strike |
| Yoko furimi | 横振り身 | Sideways motion |
| Yoko ganmen uchi | Zijwaartse slag met vuist naar het gelaat | |
| Yoko geri | 横蹴り | Side kick |
| Yoko geri fumikomi | 横蹴り踏み込み | Side stamping kick |
| Yoko geri keage | 横蹴り蹴上げ | Side snap kick |
| Yoko geri kekomi | 横蹴り蹴込み | Side thrust kick |
| Yoko keage | Zijwaarts opzwaaien van been | |
| Yoko mawashi empi uchi | 横回し肘打ち | Side roundhouse elbow strike |
| Yoko mawashi shuto uchi | 横回し手刀打ち | Side roundhouse knife hand strike |
| Yoko mawashi uraken uchi | 横回し裏拳打ち | Side backfist strike |
| Yoko men | 横面 | Side of the head |
| Yoko tobi geri | 横飛び蹴り | Flying side kick |
| Yoko tsuki | 横突き | Side punch |
| Yoko uchi | 横打ち | Side strike |
| Yoko uke | 横受け | Sideways receiving, kenjutsu term |
| Yomi | 読み | Read |
| Yon | 四 | Four; also shi |
| Yori ashi | Korte stap verplaatsing | |
| Yoroi | 鎧 | Japanese armor |
| Yōsei | 養成 | Training |
| Yōshūkai | 養秀会 | Japanese school of karate, lit. "Training Hall of Continued Improvement" |
| Yowai | 弱い | Weak |
| Yowaki | 弱気 | Timid or faint-hearted presence, personality or sentiment; weak spirit |
| Yoyū | 余裕 | Margin, surplus, spare, as in a margin of time (to execute a technique) |
| Yū | 勇 | Courage |
| Yubi | 指 | Finger; also te no yubi |
| Yubi no fushi | 指の節 | Knuckle |
| Yūdansha | 有段者 | Holder of a dan grade |
| Yūga | 優雅 | Elegance, grace, refinement |
| Yūgen | 幽玄 | Subtle beauty, lit. "profound mystery" |
| Yūkan | 勇敢 | Brave, gallant, heroic |
| Yūkansa | 勇敢さ | Bravery, heroism, gallantry |
| Yuki | 雪 | Snow or snowflake |
| Yūki | 勇気 | Courage, bravery |
| Yukkuri | 徐り? | Slowly |
| Yumi | 弓 | Bow; also kyū |
| Yusei kachi | Winst door overduidelijk krachtsverschil | |
| Yusho | Winnaar / overwinnaar | |
| Yūsanso undō | 有酸素運動 | Aerobic exercise |
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| MARTIAL ARTS GLOSSARY | A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z | |
| Z | ||
| Za | 座 | Sitting or seated |
| Za geri | 座蹴り | Sitting or kneeling kick |
| Zaiteki | Skill level when actions do not require conscious thought | |
| Zanshin | 残心 | Remaining mind |
| Za rei | 座礼 | Seated bow |
| Za zen | 座禅 | Seated meditation |
| Zekken | Geborduurd embleem (op borst of mouw van Dogi) met naam en / of dojo vermelding | |
| Zen | 前 | Front, prior, previous, last; also mae |
| Zen | 全 | All |
| Zen | 禪 or 禅 | A Japanese form of Chinese Ch’an Buddhism |
| Zengaku | 前額 | Forehead |
| Zenka fuza | 全跏趺坐 | Full lotus seated position; also kekka fuza, zenkaza, kaza, kafuza |
| Zankaza | 全跏坐 | Full lotus seated position; also kekka fuza, zenka fuza, kaza, kafuza |
| Zenkoku taikai | Nationale kampioenschappen | |
| Zenkutsu | 前屈 | Forward bent |
| Zenkutsu dachi | 前屈立 | Front stance |
| Zenpo | Voor of voorwaarts | |
| Zenpo kaiten ukemi | Voorwaartse rol / valbreektechniek | |
| Zenpo ukemi | Voorwaartse valbreektechniek | |
| Zenshin | 全身 | Entire body |
| Zenshin | 前進 | Advance, drive or progress |
| Zenshin | 前身 | Antecedents, ancestor, previous position, predecessor organization |
| Zentai | Alles; het totale | |
| Zenwan | 全腕 | Forearm |
| Zenwan hitai mae yoko gamae | 全腕額前横構え | Forearm at side of forehead posture, as in the opening block of Pinan Nidan |
| Zenyō | 善用 | Good use |
| Zenzoku | 前足 | Ball of foot; also koshi or jōsokutei |
| Zoko | Commando waarmee een scheidsrechter vechters aanspoort om door te gaan met vechten | |
| Zokuju | 俗儒 | Mediocre scholar |
| Zori | Slippers die worden gebruikt om de afstand van kleedkamer naar Dojo te overbruggen | |
| Zu | 頭 | Head, brains, hair, chief, boss, leader, beginning |
| Zubon | ズボン | Pants or trousers, esp for keikogi |
| Zuki | 突き | Thrust or punch, when characters for tsuki used in combination with others, e.g.gyakutsuki 逆突 |
| Zu tsuki | Kopstoot, aanval met hoofd | |
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